Cover image for Physics of self-organization and evolution
Title:
Physics of self-organization and evolution
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Publication Information:
Weinheim : Wiley, 2011
Physical Description:
xvi, 517 p. : ill. ; 24 cm.
ISBN:
9783527409631
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30000010281283 Q325 F45 2011 Open Access Book Book
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Summary

Summary

This thoroughly updated version of the German authoritative work on self-organization has been completely rewritten by internationally renowned experts and experienced book authors to also include a review of more recent literature. It retains the original enthusiasm and fascination surrounding thermodynamic systems far from equilibrium, synergetics, and the origin of life, representing an easily readable book and tutorial on this exciting field.

The book is unique in covering in detail the experimental and theoretical fundamentals of self-organizing systems as well as such selected features as random processes, structural networks and multistable systems, while focusing on the physical and theoretical modeling of natural selection and evolution processes. The authors take examples from physics, chemistry, biology and social systems, and include results hitherto unpublished in English.

The result is a one-stop resource relevant for students and scientists in physics or related interdisciplinary fields, including mathematical physics, biophysics, information science and nanotechnology.


Author Notes

Rainer Feistel received his PhD in physics from the University of Rostock, Germany, in 1976. Until 1988, he taught physics at the universities of Berlin, Germany, and Asmara, Eritrea, and went on research visits to the universities of Moscow, Veracruz, Brussels and Stuttgart. Turning to oceanography in 1983, he participated in various scientific expeditions to the Atlantic and the Baltic Sea. Dr. Feistel is a Gustav-Hertz laureate of the Physical Society, and currently chairs the Subcommittee "Seawater" of the International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam. He has published about 200 scientific articles and books.
Werner Ebeling held a post as full professor in theoretical physics at Rostock University, Germany, from 1970 to 1979, and at the Humboldt University Berlin until 2001. He also was the editor of several scientific journals. Professor Ebeling was the founding speaker of the Research Center Complex Nonlinear Processes in Berlin, and taught as guest professor in physics at several Universities abroad, among others in Madrid, Krakow, Saratov and Moscow. He is a member of the Leibniz Society Berlin and of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Russia, as well as honorary professor of several Russian universities. His research interests include nonlinear irreversible processes, the quantum statistics of plasmas, the theory of self-organization and evolution and the history of physics.


Table of Contents

Prefacep. IX
1 Introduction to the Field of Self-Organizationp. 1
1.1 Basic Conceptsp. 1
1.2 History of Evolution as a Short Storyp. 6
1.3 Structure, Self-organization, and Complexityp. 14
1.4 Entropy, Equilibrium, and Nonequilibriump. 17
1.5 Dynamics, Stability, and Instabilityp. 25
1.6 Self-Organization of Information and Valuesp. 28
2 Fundamental Laws of Equilibrium and Nonequilibrium Thermodynamicsp. 35
2.1 The Thermodynamic Way of Describing Nature Basic Variablesp. 35
2.2 Three Fundamental Laws and the Gibbs Relation of Thermodynamicsp. 45
2.3 Thermodynamic Potentials, Inequalities, and Variational Principlesp. 55
2.4 Irreversible Processes and Self-Organizationp. 63
2.5 Irreversible Radiation Transportp. 70
2.6 Irreversible Processes and Fluctuationsp. 76
2.7 Toward a Thermodynamics of Small Systems Far from Equilibriump. 80
3 Evolution of Earth and the Terrestrial Climatep. 85
3.1 The Photon Millp. 88
3.2 Black-Body Radiation Model of Earthp. 91
3.3 Local Seasonal Responsep. 99
3.4 Atmospheric Cooling Ratep. 104
3.5 Black-Body Model with Atmospherep. 106
3.6 Humidity and Latent Heatp. 110
3.7 Greenhouse Effectp. 119
3.8 Spatial Structure of the Planetp. 124
3.9 Early Evolution of Earthp. 149
4 Nonlinear Dynamics, Instabilities, and Fluctuationsp. 163
4.1 State Space, Dynamic Systems, and Graphsp. 163
4.2 Deterministic Dynamic Systemsp. 168
4.3 Stochastic Models for Continuous Variables and Predictabilityp. 177
4.4 Graphs - Mathematical Models of Structures and Networksp. 187
4.5 Stochastic Models for Discrete Variablesp. 194
4.6 Stochastic Processes on Networksp. 200
5 Self-Reproduction, Multistability, and Information Transfer as Basic Mechanisms of Evolutionp. 211
5.1 The Role of Self-Reproduction and Multistabilityp. 211
5.2 Deterministic Models of Self-Reproduction and Bistabilityp. 213
5.3 Stochastic Theory of Birth-and-Death Processesp. 218
5.4 Stochastic Analysis of the Survival of the Newp. 222
5.5 Survival of the New in Bistable Systemsp. 226
5.6 Multistability, Information Storage, and Information Transferp. 230
6 Competition and Selection Processesp. 237
6.1 Discussion of Basic Termsp. 237
6.2 Extremum Principlesp. 241
6.3 Dynamical Models with Simple Competitionp. 244
6.4 Stochastic of Simple Competition Processesp. 253
6.5 Competition in Species Networksp. 264
6.6 Selection and Coexistencep. 278
6.7 Hyperselectionp. 284
6.8 Selection in Ecological Systemsp. 288
6.9 Selection with Sexual Replicationp. 297
6.10 Selection between Microreactorsp. 301
6.11 Selection in Social Systemsp. 306
7 Models of Evolution Processesp. 311
7.1 Sequence-Evolution Modelsp. 314
7.2 Evolution on Fitness Landscapesp. 319
7.3 Evolution on Smooth Fisher-Eigen Landscapesp. 321
7.4 Evolution on Random Fisher-Eigen Landscapesp. 328
7.5 Evolution on Lotka-Volterra Landscapesp. 333
7.6 Axiomatic Evolution Modelsp. 340
7.7 Boolean Behavior in the Positive Conep. 342
7.8 Axiomatic Description of a Boolean Reaction Systemp. 349
7.9 Reducible, Linear, and Ideal Boolean Reaction Systemsp. 352
7.10 Minor and Major of a Boolean Reaction Systemp. 355
7.11 Selection and Evolution in Boolean Reaction Systemsp. 356
8 Self-Organization of Information and Symbolsp. 363
8.1 Symbolic Informationp. 364
8.2 Structural Informationp. 368
8.3 Extracting Structural Informationp. 371
8.4 Physical Properties of Symbolsp. 375
8.5 Properties of the Ritualization Transitionp. 381
8.6 Genetic Codep. 384
8.7 Sexual Recombinationp. 390
8.8 Morphogenesisp. 392
8.9 Neuronal Networksp. 396
8.10 Spoken Languagep. 402
8.11 Possessionp. 405
8.12 Written Languagep. 406
8.13 Moneyp. 409
9 On the Origin of Lifep. 413
9.1 Catalytic Cascades in Underoccupied Networksp. 415
9.2 Formation of Spatial Compartmentsp. 418
9.3 Replicating Chain Moleculesp. 421
9.4 Molecular Information Processingp. 428
9.5 Darwinian Evolutionp. 433
10 Conclusion and Outlookp. 441
10.1 Basic Physical Concepts and Resultsp. 441
10.2 Quo Vadis Evolutio?p. 447
Referencesp. 453
Indexp. 501