Load balancing servers, firewalls, and caches

Select an Action

Place Hold(s)
Add to My Lists
Email
Print

Title:

Personal Author:

Kopparapu, Chandra

Publication Information:

New York : Wiley, 2002

ISBN:

9780471415503

Subject Term:

Client/server computing

Firewalls (Computer security)

Available:*

Library	Item Barcode	Call Number	Material Type	Item Category 1	Status
Searching... PSZ JB	30000010069340	QA76.9.C55 K66 2002	Open Access Book	Book	Searching... Unknown

From an industry insider--a close look at high-performance, end-to-end switching solutions
Load balancers are fast becoming an indispensable solution for handling the huge traffic demands of the Web. Their ability to solve a multitude of network and server bottlenecks in the Internet age ranges from dramatic improvements in server farm scalability to removing the firewall as a network bottleneck. This book provides a detailed, up-to-date, technical discussion of this fast-growing, multibillion dollar market, covering the full spectrum of topics--from server and firewall load balancing to transparent cache switching to global server load balancing. In the process, the author delivers insight into the way new technologies are deployed in network infrastructure and how they work. Written by an industry expert who hails from a leading Web switch vendor, this book will help network and server administrators improve the scalability, availability, manageability, and security of their servers, firewalls, caches, and Web sites.

Author Notes

Chandra Kopparapu is Director of Product Marketing at Foundry Networks, a leading provider of high-performance end-to-end switching solutions for enterprises and service providers. Kopparapu, who has an electrical engineering degree and an MBA in marketing from UC Berkeley, worked at Compaq as Product Manager prior to working at Foundry. He has extensive experience in mission critical systems and high availability as part of his engineering work at Tandem Computers. He has also written for Network World

Acknowledgments	p. xi
Chapter 1 Introduction	p. 1
The Need for Load Balancing	p. 2
The Server Environment	p. 2
The Network Environment	p. 4
Load Balancing: Definition and Applications	p. 5
Load-Balancing Products	p. 7
The Name Conundrum	p. 7
How This Book Is Organized	p. 8
Who Should Read This Book	p. 9
Summary	p. 9
Chapter 2 Server Load Balancing: Basic Concepts	p. 11
Networking Fundamentals	p. 12
Switching Primer	p. 12
TCP Overview	p. 13
Web Server Overview	p. 15
The Server Farm with a Load Balancer	p. 15
Basic Packet Flow in Load Balancing	p. 19
Load-Distribution Methods	p. 23
Stateless Load Balancing	p. 24
Stateful Load Balancing	p. 26
Load-Distribution Methods	p. 28
Health Checks	p. 33
Basic Health Checks	p. 34
Application-Specific Health Checks	p. 34
Application Dependency	p. 35
Content Checks	p. 35
Scripting	p. 36
Agent-Based Checks	p. 36
The Ultimate Health Check	p. 37
Network-Address Translation	p. 38
Destination NAT	p. 38
Source NAT	p. 39
Reverse NAT	p. 41
Enhanced NAT	p. 42
Port-Address Translation	p. 43
Direct Server Return	p. 44
Summary	p. 47
Chapter 3 Server Load Balancing: Advanced Concepts	p. 49
Session Persistence	p. 49
Defining Session Persistence	p. 50
Types of Session Persistence	p. 52
Source IP-Based Persistence Methods	p. 53
The Megaproxy Problem	p. 58
Delayed Binding	p. 60
Cookie Switching	p. 63
Cookie-Switching Applications	p. 68
Cookie-Switching Considerations	p. 69
SSL Session ID Switching	p. 69
Designing to Deal with Session Persistence	p. 72
HTTP to HTTPS Transition	p. 74
URL Switching	p. 77
Separating Static and Dynamic Content	p. 79
URL Switching Usage Guidelines	p. 80
Summary	p. 82
Chapter 4 Network Design with Load Balancers	p. 83
The Load Balancer as a Layer 2 Switch versus a Router	p. 84
Simple Designs	p. 87
Designing for High Availability	p. 89
Active-Standby Configuration	p. 90
Active-Active Configuration	p. 92
Stateful Failover	p. 96
Multiple VIPs	p. 97
Load-Balancer Recovery	p. 97
High-Availability Design Options	p. 97
Communication between Load Balancers	p. 108
Summary	p. 108
Chapter 5 Global Server Load Balancing	p. 111
The Need for GSLB	p. 112
DNS Overview	p. 113
DNS Concepts and Terminology	p. 113
Local DNS Caching	p. 115
Using Standard DNS for Load Balancing	p. 116
HTTP Redirect	p. 116
DNS-Based GSLB	p. 118
Fitting the Load Balancer into the DNS Framework	p. 118
Selecting the Best Site	p. 122
Limitations of DNS-Based GSLB	p. 133
GSLB Using Routing Protocols	p. 134
Summary	p. 137
Chapter 6 Load-Balancing Firewalls	p. 139
Firewall Concepts	p. 139
The Need for Firewall Load Balancing	p. 140
Load-Balancing Firewalls	p. 141
Traffic-Flow Analysis	p. 142
Load-Distribution Methods	p. 144
Checking the Health of a Firewall	p. 147
Understanding Network Design in Firewall Load Balancing	p. 148
Firewall and Load-Balancer Types	p. 148
Network Design for Layer 3 Firewalls	p. 149
Network Design for Layer 2 Firewalls	p. 150
Advanced Firewall Concepts	p. 151
Synchronized Firewalls	p. 152
Firewalls Performing NAT	p. 152
Addressing High Availability	p. 153
Active--Standby versus Active--Active	p. 155
Interaction between Routers and Load Balancers	p. 155
Interaction between Load Balancers and Firewalls	p. 157
Multizone Firewall Load Balancing	p. 159
VPN Load Balancing	p. 160
Summary	p. 161
Chapter 7 Load-Balancing Caches	p. 163
Cache Definition	p. 163
Cache Types	p. 164
Cache Deployment	p. 165
Forward Proxy	p. 165
Transparent Proxy	p. 167
Reverse Proxy	p. 168
Transparent-Reverse Proxy	p. 169
Cache Load-Balancing Methods	p. 170
Stateless Load Balancing	p. 171
Stateful Load Balancing	p. 172
Optimizing Load Balancing for Caches	p. 172
Content-Aware Cache Switching	p. 175
Summary	p. 176
Chapter 8 Application Examples	p. 177
Enterprise Network	p. 178
Content-Distribution Networks	p. 181
Enterprise CDNs	p. 182
Content Provider	p. 183
CDN Service Providers	p. 183
Chapter 9 The Future of Load-Balancing Technology	p. 185
Server Load Balancing	p. 186
The Load Balancer as a Security Device	p. 186
Cache Load Balancing	p. 187
SSL Acceleration	p. 187
Summary	p. 188
Appendix Standard Reference	p. 189
References	p. 191
Index	p. 193

Available:*

On Order

Summary

Summary

Author Notes

Table of Contents