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Cover image for Inulin-type fructans: functional food ingredients
Title:
Inulin-type fructans: functional food ingredients
Personal Author:
Series:
CRC series in modern nutrition
Publication Information:
Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2005
ISBN:
9780849300592

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30000010042566 QP702.F68 R63 2005 Open Access Book Book
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Summary

Summary

Inulin and oligofructose are naturally occurring resistant carbohydrates that have a variety of uses as functional food ingredients. In addition to their role as prebiotics that selectively stimulate the growth of beneficial bacteria in the intestines, these inulin-type fructans act as dietary fiber in the digestive system and have applications as a sugar substitute and fat replacer.

Written by one of the leading researchers in the field, Inulin-Type Fructans: Functional Food Ingredients describes inulin-type fructans and explains how they can be analyzed, quantified, and used in a wide variety of food products. The text evaluates the nutritional properties of inulin-type fructans, focusing on their behavior in the upper gastrointestinal tract that have led to their classification as dietary fiber and low calorie carbohydrates. Following a review of the selective and beneficial modification of the intestinal microflora that led to the discovery of prebiotics, the book concentrates on the relationship of inulin and oligofructose to lipid metabolism, carcinogenesis, mineral absorption, and the immune system. The text concludes with a general discussion of the classification of inulin-type fructans as functional food ingredients.

Each chapter begins with background information on the physiology and biochemistry of the particular function covered as well as on the methodology used to assess these functions, and concludes with a summary of the results and perspectives on future development. The combination of authoritative research data and insightful perspectives provides a comprehensive overview of this growing field.


Author Notes

Marcel Roberfroid is now a retired professor of the Universite Catholique de Louvain in Belgium


Table of Contents

Part I Introduction
Chapter 1 Functional Foods and Claims: Concepts, Strategy of Development, Requirements for the Scientific Substantiation of Claims, and Communication with Consumersp. 3
1.1 Nutrition in the 20th Century: From Prevention of Deficiencies to Reduction of Risk Due to Excessive Consumption of Nutrientsp. 3
1.2 Nutrition at the Turn of the 21st Century: New Challengesp. 4
1.3 The Concept of Optimum Nutritionp. 5
Referencesp. 15
Chapter 2 The Gastrointestinal System: A Major Target for Functional Foodsp. 17
2.1 The Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal Systemp. 17
2.2 The Digestive Functionsp. 18
2.3 Endocrinology: Peptide Hormonesp. 31
2.4 Defense Mechanismsp. 33
Referencesp. 35
Part II Inulin: Origin, Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Technological Properties
Chapter 3 Inulin: A Fructanp. 39
3.1 Fructansp. 39
3.2 Inulinp. 44
3.3 Chicory Inulinp. 48
Referencep. 58
Chapter 4 The Digestive Functions: Inulin-Type Fructans as Nondigestible Oligosaccharidesp. 61
4.1 Digestion of Carbohydrates in the Gastrointestinal Tractp. 61
4.2 Absorption of Hexoses in the Small Intestinep. 63
4.3 Inulin-Type Fructans as Nondigestible Oligosaccharides (NDOs)p. 64
4.4 Inulin-Type Fructans as Nondigestible Oligosaccharides: Discussion and Conclusionp. 68
Referencesp. 69
Chapter 5 The Digestive Functions: Inulin-Type Fructans as Fermentable Carbohydratesp. 73
5.1 The Colon as a Fermenterp. 73
5.2 The Anaerobic Fermentation of Proteinsp. 76
5.3 Anaerobic Fermentation of Carbohydratesp. 78
5.4 Anaerobic Fermentation of Inulin-Type Fructansp. 89
5.5 Discussion and Conclusionp. 94
Referencesp. 95
Chapter 6 The Digestive Functions: Inulin and Oligofructose as Dietary Fiberp. 103
6.1 Dietary Fiber: A Concept in Human Nutritionp. 103
6.2 Inulin and Oligofructose as Dietary Fiberp. 115
Referencesp. 124
Chapter 7 Inulin and Oligofructose as Low-Calorie Carbohydratesp. 133
7.1 Introductionp. 133
7.2 Methodologies to Assess Energy Value of Inulin-Type Fructansp. 134
7.3 Assessment of Energy Value of Inulin and Oligofructose: Results and Discussionp. 137
7.4 Inulin and Oligofructose as Low-Calorie Carbohydrates: Conclusionp. 142
Referencesp. 143
Chapter 8 Inulin-Type Fructans and Gastrointestinal Functions: Conclusions and Perspectivesp. 147
Referencesp. 150
Chapter 9 Inulin-Type Fructans and the Modulation of the Intestinal Microflora: The Prebiotic Effectp. 151
9.1 Introductionp. 151
9.2 Prebiotics: Definition and Requirements for Scientific Substantiationp. 153
9.3 Methodologies for the Study of the Composition of the Gut Microflorap. 155
9.4 Inulin-Type Fructans Classify as Prebiotic: Scientific Substantiationp. 159
9.5 Inulin-Type Fructans as Prebiotics: Discussion and Perspectivesp. 168
Referencesp. 176
Chapter 10 Inulin-Type Fructans and the Intestinal Absorption of Mineralsp. 183
10.1 Introductionp. 183
10.2 The Physiology of Calciump. 183
10.3 The Physiology of Magnesiump. 190
10.4 Methodologies for the Study of Mineral Absorption and Bone Healthp. 191
10.5 Inulin-Type Fructans: Mineral Absorption and Bone Healthp. 196
10.6 Inulin-Type Fructans and Gastrointestinal Absorption of Iron, Copper, Zinc, and Phosphatep. 215
10.7 Inulin-Type Fructans-Mineral Absorption and Bone Health: Discussion, Perspectives, and Conclusionp. 218
Referencesp. 227
Chapter 11 Inulin-Type Fructans and the Homeostasis of Lipidsp. 239
11.1 Introductionp. 239
11.2 Biochemistry of Lipid Metabolismp. 239
11.3 Inulin-Type Fructans and Lipid Homeostasisp. 243
11.4 Inulin-Type Fructans and Lipid Homeostasis: Discussion, Conclusion, and Perspectivesp. 257
Referencesp. 261
Chapter 12 Inulin-Type Fructans and the Defense Functions of the Bodyp. 267
12.1 Introduction: The Defense Functions of the Bodyp. 267
12.2 Role of the Gastrointestinal System in the Body's Defensep. 271
12.3 Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Defense Functionsp. 279
12.4 Inulin-Type Fructans and the Gastrointestinal System's Defense Functionsp. 283
12.5 Inulin-Type Fructans and Systemic Defense Functionsp. 312
12.6 Inulin-Type Fructans and Defense Functions: Overview, Discussion, and Perspectivesp. 317
Referencesp. 321
Chapter 13 General Discussion, Perspectives, and Conclusionsp. 337
13.1 Introductionp. 337
13.2 General Discussionp. 337
13.3 Conclusions and Perspectivesp. 347
Referencesp. 349
Indexp. 353
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