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Library | Item Barcode | Call Number | Material Type | Item Category 1 | Status |
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Searching... | 30000010042566 | QP702.F68 R63 2005 | Open Access Book | Book | Searching... |
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Summary
Summary
Inulin and oligofructose are naturally occurring resistant carbohydrates that have a variety of uses as functional food ingredients. In addition to their role as prebiotics that selectively stimulate the growth of beneficial bacteria in the intestines, these inulin-type fructans act as dietary fiber in the digestive system and have applications as a sugar substitute and fat replacer.
Written by one of the leading researchers in the field, Inulin-Type Fructans: Functional Food Ingredients describes inulin-type fructans and explains how they can be analyzed, quantified, and used in a wide variety of food products. The text evaluates the nutritional properties of inulin-type fructans, focusing on their behavior in the upper gastrointestinal tract that have led to their classification as dietary fiber and low calorie carbohydrates. Following a review of the selective and beneficial modification of the intestinal microflora that led to the discovery of prebiotics, the book concentrates on the relationship of inulin and oligofructose to lipid metabolism, carcinogenesis, mineral absorption, and the immune system. The text concludes with a general discussion of the classification of inulin-type fructans as functional food ingredients.
Each chapter begins with background information on the physiology and biochemistry of the particular function covered as well as on the methodology used to assess these functions, and concludes with a summary of the results and perspectives on future development. The combination of authoritative research data and insightful perspectives provides a comprehensive overview of this growing field.
Author Notes
Marcel Roberfroid is now a retired professor of the Universite Catholique de Louvain in Belgium
Table of Contents
Part I Introduction | |
Chapter 1 Functional Foods and Claims: Concepts, Strategy of Development, Requirements for the Scientific Substantiation of Claims, and Communication with Consumers | p. 3 |
1.1 Nutrition in the 20th Century: From Prevention of Deficiencies to Reduction of Risk Due to Excessive Consumption of Nutrients | p. 3 |
1.2 Nutrition at the Turn of the 21st Century: New Challenges | p. 4 |
1.3 The Concept of Optimum Nutrition | p. 5 |
References | p. 15 |
Chapter 2 The Gastrointestinal System: A Major Target for Functional Foods | p. 17 |
2.1 The Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal System | p. 17 |
2.2 The Digestive Functions | p. 18 |
2.3 Endocrinology: Peptide Hormones | p. 31 |
2.4 Defense Mechanisms | p. 33 |
References | p. 35 |
Part II Inulin: Origin, Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Technological Properties | |
Chapter 3 Inulin: A Fructan | p. 39 |
3.1 Fructans | p. 39 |
3.2 Inulin | p. 44 |
3.3 Chicory Inulin | p. 48 |
Reference | p. 58 |
Chapter 4 The Digestive Functions: Inulin-Type Fructans as Nondigestible Oligosaccharides | p. 61 |
4.1 Digestion of Carbohydrates in the Gastrointestinal Tract | p. 61 |
4.2 Absorption of Hexoses in the Small Intestine | p. 63 |
4.3 Inulin-Type Fructans as Nondigestible Oligosaccharides (NDOs) | p. 64 |
4.4 Inulin-Type Fructans as Nondigestible Oligosaccharides: Discussion and Conclusion | p. 68 |
References | p. 69 |
Chapter 5 The Digestive Functions: Inulin-Type Fructans as Fermentable Carbohydrates | p. 73 |
5.1 The Colon as a Fermenter | p. 73 |
5.2 The Anaerobic Fermentation of Proteins | p. 76 |
5.3 Anaerobic Fermentation of Carbohydrates | p. 78 |
5.4 Anaerobic Fermentation of Inulin-Type Fructans | p. 89 |
5.5 Discussion and Conclusion | p. 94 |
References | p. 95 |
Chapter 6 The Digestive Functions: Inulin and Oligofructose as Dietary Fiber | p. 103 |
6.1 Dietary Fiber: A Concept in Human Nutrition | p. 103 |
6.2 Inulin and Oligofructose as Dietary Fiber | p. 115 |
References | p. 124 |
Chapter 7 Inulin and Oligofructose as Low-Calorie Carbohydrates | p. 133 |
7.1 Introduction | p. 133 |
7.2 Methodologies to Assess Energy Value of Inulin-Type Fructans | p. 134 |
7.3 Assessment of Energy Value of Inulin and Oligofructose: Results and Discussion | p. 137 |
7.4 Inulin and Oligofructose as Low-Calorie Carbohydrates: Conclusion | p. 142 |
References | p. 143 |
Chapter 8 Inulin-Type Fructans and Gastrointestinal Functions: Conclusions and Perspectives | p. 147 |
References | p. 150 |
Chapter 9 Inulin-Type Fructans and the Modulation of the Intestinal Microflora: The Prebiotic Effect | p. 151 |
9.1 Introduction | p. 151 |
9.2 Prebiotics: Definition and Requirements for Scientific Substantiation | p. 153 |
9.3 Methodologies for the Study of the Composition of the Gut Microflora | p. 155 |
9.4 Inulin-Type Fructans Classify as Prebiotic: Scientific Substantiation | p. 159 |
9.5 Inulin-Type Fructans as Prebiotics: Discussion and Perspectives | p. 168 |
References | p. 176 |
Chapter 10 Inulin-Type Fructans and the Intestinal Absorption of Minerals | p. 183 |
10.1 Introduction | p. 183 |
10.2 The Physiology of Calcium | p. 183 |
10.3 The Physiology of Magnesium | p. 190 |
10.4 Methodologies for the Study of Mineral Absorption and Bone Health | p. 191 |
10.5 Inulin-Type Fructans: Mineral Absorption and Bone Health | p. 196 |
10.6 Inulin-Type Fructans and Gastrointestinal Absorption of Iron, Copper, Zinc, and Phosphate | p. 215 |
10.7 Inulin-Type Fructans-Mineral Absorption and Bone Health: Discussion, Perspectives, and Conclusion | p. 218 |
References | p. 227 |
Chapter 11 Inulin-Type Fructans and the Homeostasis of Lipids | p. 239 |
11.1 Introduction | p. 239 |
11.2 Biochemistry of Lipid Metabolism | p. 239 |
11.3 Inulin-Type Fructans and Lipid Homeostasis | p. 243 |
11.4 Inulin-Type Fructans and Lipid Homeostasis: Discussion, Conclusion, and Perspectives | p. 257 |
References | p. 261 |
Chapter 12 Inulin-Type Fructans and the Defense Functions of the Body | p. 267 |
12.1 Introduction: The Defense Functions of the Body | p. 267 |
12.2 Role of the Gastrointestinal System in the Body's Defense | p. 271 |
12.3 Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Defense Functions | p. 279 |
12.4 Inulin-Type Fructans and the Gastrointestinal System's Defense Functions | p. 283 |
12.5 Inulin-Type Fructans and Systemic Defense Functions | p. 312 |
12.6 Inulin-Type Fructans and Defense Functions: Overview, Discussion, and Perspectives | p. 317 |
References | p. 321 |
Chapter 13 General Discussion, Perspectives, and Conclusions | p. 337 |
13.1 Introduction | p. 337 |
13.2 General Discussion | p. 337 |
13.3 Conclusions and Perspectives | p. 347 |
References | p. 349 |
Index | p. 353 |