Complex analysis, Joensuu 1978

Title:

Series:

Lecture notes in mathematics ; 747

Publication Information:

Berlin : Springer-Verlag, 1979

ISBN:

9780387095530

Subject Term:

Functions of complex variables -- Congresses

Mathematical analysis -- Congresses

Added Author:

Laine, Ilpo

Sorvali, Tuomas

Available:*

Library	Item Barcode	Call Number	Material Type	Item Category 1	Status
Searching... PSZ JB	30000001699119	QA331 C62 1979	Open Access Book	Book	Searching... Unknown

Conceptually, a database consists of objects and relationships. Object Relationship Notation (ORN) is a simple notation that more precisely defines relationships by combining UML multiplicities with uniquely defined referential actions.

This book shows how ORN can be used in UML class diagrams and database definition languages (DDLs) to better model and implement relationships and thus more productively develop database applications. For the database developer, it presents many examples of relationships modeled using ORN-extended class diagrams and shows how these relationships are easily mapped to an ORN-extended SQL or Object DDL. For the DBMS developer, it presents the specifications and algorithms needed to implement ORN in a relational and object DBMS.

This book also describes tools that can be downloaded or accessed via the Web. These tools allow databases to be modeled using ORN and implemented using automatic code generation that adds ORN support to Microsoft SQL Server and Progress Object Store.

Object Relationship Notation (ORN) for Database Applications: Enhancing the Modeling and Implementation of Associations is written for research scientists, research libraries, professionals, and advanced-level students in computer science.

Preface	p. vii
Motivation	p. vii
Purpose	p. viii
Readers	p. ix
Structure	p. ix
Downloads	p. xi
Acknowledgments	p. xi
About the Author	p. xiii
Contents	p. xv
List of Abbreviations	p. xxi
Part I About Relationships and ORN	p. 1
Chapter I Introduction Including a Brief History of Relationships	p. 3
1.1 Relationships	p. 3
1.2 A Brief History of Relationships	p. 4
1.2.1 The paper-based system	p. 5
1.2.2 The computerized file-based system	p. 6
1.2.3 Early data models and DBMSs	p. 8
1.2.4 The relational model and RDBMS	p. 15
1.2.5 The entity-relationship model and database	p. 19
1.2.6 Semantic models, the object model, and the ODBMS	p. 23
1.2.7 The object-relational DBMS	p. 31
1.3 Problems in Modeling and Implementing Relationships	p. 32
1.4 Preview of a Solution	p. 35
Chapter 2 Object Relationship Notation (ORN)	p. 39
2.1 Syntax	p. 39
2.2 Graphical Representation	p. 40
2.3 Semantics	p. 41
2.4 Examples	p. 42
2.4.1 p. 44
2.4.2 \|-	p. 45
2.4.3 \|-	p. 47
2.4.4 \|-X-	p. 47
2.4.5 ?	p. 48
2.4.6 !	p. 49
2.4.7 '	p. 50
2.5 Flashback to the Company Database	p. 51
Chapter 3 ORN Simulator A Modeling Tool Where Associations Come Alive	p. 53
3.1 Creating a Database Model and a Database	p. 53
3.2 Verifying Association Semantics	p. 60
3.3 Architecture	p. 66
3.4 Benefits	p. 67
Chapter 4 Association Patterns Emerging from a Variety of Association Types	p. 69
4.1 Context	p. 69
4.2 Pattern Descriptions	p. 71
4.2.1 "is defined by" pattern	p. 73
4.2.2 "is recorded for" pattern	p. 75
4.2.3 "is a realization of" pattern	p. 79
4.2.4 "is associated by" pattern	p. 80
4.2.5 "is an update of" pattern	p. 81
4.2.6 "is a part of" pattern	p. 82
4.2.7 "is a" pattern	p. 89
4.3 Patterns in Database Modeling and Implementation	p. 90
4.4 Associations That Don't Conform to a Pattern	p. 95
4.5 Conclusion	p. 96
Chapter 5 Comparing ORN to Similar Declarative Schemes	p. 97
5.1 Schemes for Relational Databases and Object Relations	p. 98
5.1.1 Null constraint	p. 98
5.1.2 Key constraints	p. 99
5.1.3 Referential integrity rules	p. 100
5.1.4 Subjectivity constraints	p. 102
5.1.5 Additional relationship semantics	p. 103
5.2 Schemes for the ER model	p. 105
5.3 Schemes in ODBMSs	p. 105
5.4 Whole-Part Properties and Dimensions for Class Diagrams	p. 107
5.4.1 Proposed association dimensions for Class diagrams	p. 108
5.4.2 Primary characteristics for whole-part relationships	p. 111
5.4.3 Secondary characteristics for whole-part relationships	p. 112
5.5 Conclusion	p. 113
Part II Using ORN to Develop a Database System	p. 115
Chapter 6 ORN Additive A Tool for Extending SQL Server with ORN	p. 117
6.1 Capabilities, Operations, and Architecture	p. 117
6.1.1 Capabilities	p. 118
6.1.2 Operations and architecture	p. 119
6.1.3 The +ornddl command	p. 121
6.1.4 The +orndml command	p. 121
6.2 ORN Additive DDL Statements	p. 122
6.2.1 USE statement	p. 122
6.2.2 Constraint statement	p. 123
6.2.3 Delete statement	p. 123
6.2.4 Set Orn_Message_Number_Base statement	p. 125
6.2.5 Example of a query file with ORN Additive DDL statements	p. 125
6.3 ORN Additive DML Statements	p. 125
6.3.1 Use statement	p. 125
6.3.2 Begin Transaction statement	p. 127
6.3.3 Save Transaction statement	p. 127
6.3.4 Commit Transaction statement	p. 127
6.3.5 Rollback Transaction statement	p. 127
6.3.6 Set Rxc_Mode statement	p. 128
6.3.7 Enable/Disable Orn_Triggers statement	p. 129
6.3.8 Example of query file with ORN Additive DML statements	p. 130
6.4 Conclusion	p. 132
Chapter 7 Object Relater Plus (OR+) An ORN-extended Object DBMS	p. 133
7.1 Capabilities and Compatibilities	p. 133
7.2 ODDL	p. 135
7.2.1 ODDL specification	p. 135
7.2.2 p. 138
7.2.3 Control commands	p. 140
7.3 ODML	p. 141
7.4 Architecture, Implementation, and Extensibility	p. 143
7.4.1 Architecture	p. 143
7.4.2 Implementation	p. 145
7.4.3 Extensibility	p. 146
7.5 Conclusion	p. 147
Chapter 8 Mapping Database Models to DDLs From ORN-Extended Class Diagrams to ORN-Extended DBMSs	p. 149
8.1 Mapping an ORN-Extended Model to an ORN-Extended SQL	p. 149
8.1.1 Transformating the model for a relational database	p. 149
8.1.2 Mapping classes to tables	p. 153
8.1.3 Mapping associations to foreign keys	p. 154
8.2 Mapping an ORN-Extended Model to an Object DDL	p. 157
8.2.1 Transforming the model for an object database	p. 158
8.2.2 Mapping classes to class definitions and extents	p. 159
8.2.3 Mapping associations to object-based attributes	p. 160
8.3 Conclusion	p. 163
Chapter 9 Association Semantics Dealing with the Subtleties, Inconsistencies, and Ambiguities	p. 165
9.1 Inconsistencies	p. 165
9.1.1 Within an	p. 166
9.1.2 Involving combinations	p. 170
9.2 Inconsistency Detection	p. 171
9.3 Ambiguities	p. 172
9.4 Associations as Functions	p. 174
9.5 Conclusion	p. 177
Part III Adding ORN to a DBMS	p. 179
Chapter 10 A Conceptual Implementation of ORN Exploring Semantic Circularity and Ambiguity	p. 181
10.1 Algorithms	p. 182
10.1.1 Algorithm CreateObject	p. 182
10.1.2 Transaction operations	p. 183
10.1.3 Supporting pseudocode for complex object operations	p. 184
10.1.4 Algorithm CreateLink	p. 185
10.1.5 Algorithm DeleteObject	p. 186
10.1.6 Algorithm DestroyLink	p. 187
10.1.7 Algorithm ChangeLink	p. 187
10.2 Link Cycles	p. 188
10.2.1 Circularity	p. 189
10.2.2 Ambiguities	p. 190
10.2.3 The Theorem for ORN Semantic Clarity and its proof	p. 196
10.3 Conclusion	p. 203
Chapter 11 Adding ORN to the SQL Standard for RDBMSs	p. 205
11.1 Motivation	p. 205
11.2 Overview of SQL Association Capabilities	p. 206
11.3 Proposed ORN Extension to SQL	p. 209
11.4 Conclusion	p. 213
Chapter 12 Adding ORN to the ODMG Standard for ODMSs	p. 215
12.1 Motivation	p. 215
12.2 Adding ORN to ODL	p. 217
12.2.1 Associations in ODL	p. 217
12.2.2 Adding ORN syntax	p. 218
12.2.3 Adapting ORN semantics to ODL	p. 219
12.3 Algorithms	p. 221
12.3.1 Class Transaction	p. 223
12.3.2 Method new()	p. 225
12.3.3 Method delete()	p. 226
12.3.4 Method _enforce_binding()	p. 227
12.3.5 Method form_tpR()	p. 229
12.3.6 Method drop_tpR()	p. 230
12.3.7 Method_enforce_explicit_binding()	p. 230
12.3.6 Method change_tpR()	p. 231
12.3.9 Example	p. 232
12.4 Conclusion	p. 234
Bibliography	p. 237
Index	p. 241

Available:*

On Order

Summary

Summary

Table of Contents