Hydrated materials : applications in biomedicine and the environment

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Publication Information:

Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, 2015

Physical Description:

viii, 150 p. : ill. ; 24 cm.

ISBN:

9789814463225

Subject Term:

Biomedical materials -- Research

Added Author:

Nakanishi, Yoshitaka,

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Library	Item Barcode	Call Number	Material Type	Item Category 1	Status
Searching... PSZ JB	30000010345376	R857.M3 H933 2015	Open Access Book	Book	Searching... Unknown

Water covers more than 70% of the earth's surface and is an essential and major component of all living matter. However, artificially hydrated materials, including hydrophilic materials, are far fewer than one might expect. Currently, these materials are in a state of development for applications in fields such as biomedicine, environmental engineering, and industrial engineering. So what do artificially hydrated materials hold for the future? This book is a great introduction to hydrated materials, presenting academic and practical content that gives a feel of theoretical as well as real-world problems.

Author Notes

Yoshitaka Nakanishi received his Dr. Eng. Degree in tribology from the Graduate School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyushu University, Japan, in 1998. Currently, he is a full professor at the Graduate School of Science and Technology of Kumamoto University, Japan, and vice-chairman of the Kumamoto University Innovative Collaboration Organization, Japan. His current research interests include soft-tribology research and its applications in bioengineering and sustainable technology, Prof. Nakanishi has authored or coauthored 3 books and more than 100 scientific papers as well as organized many conferences and workshops in the field of bioengineering.

Mitsugu TodoKazuyuki YogiMakoto SakamotoM. Morales Hurtado and X. Zeng and E. van der HeideBerkay Ozcelik and Greg Guanghua Qiao and Geoffrey Wayne StevensMasanori KobayashiYoshitaka NakanishiTakeshi Yomaguchi and Kazuo Hokkirigawo

Preface	p. ix
1 Mechanics of Materials	p. 1
1.1 Introduction	p. 1
1.2 Strain	p. 3
1.3 Stress	p. 4
1.4 Constitutive Equations	p. 6
1.4.1 Linear Elasticity	p. 7
1.4.2 Viscoelasticity	p. 8
1.5 Elastoplasticity	p. 12
1.5.1 Yield Criteria	p. 13
1.5.2 Incremental Plasticity	p. 16
1.5.3 Deformation Plasticity	p. 17
2 Tribology: Friction, Wear and Lubrication	p. 19
2.1 Introduction of Tribology	p. 19
2.2 Friction	p. 21
2.3 Wear	p. 25
2.4 Lubrication	p. 28
3 Articular Cartilage	p. 33
3.1 Introduction	p. 33
3.2 Structure of Articular Cartilage	p. 33
3.3 Mechanical Model of Articular Cartilage	p. 35
3.4 Lubrication Model of Articular Cartilage	p. 36
3.5 Degeneration of Articular Cartilage	p. 38
3.6 Conclusions	p. 38
4 The Human Skin and Hydration	p. 41
4.1 Introduction	p. 41
4.2 Skin Structure	p. 42
4.2.1 Epidermis	p. 43
4.2.2 Dermis	p. 44
4.2.3 Hypodermis	p. 45
4.3 Skin Properties	p. 46
4.3.1 The Hydration Characteristics of Skin	p. 46
4.3.1.1 Dermis	p. 46
4.3.1.2 Epidermis	p. 48
4.3.2 Mechanical Performance	p. 48
4.3.3 Tribological Performance	p. 51
4.3.4 Thermal Properties	p. 52
4.4 The Effect of Hydration on Skin	p. 53
4.4.1 The Effect of Hydration on Skin Structure	p. 53
4.4.2 The Effect of Hydration on Skin Properties	p. 55
4.5 Conclusions	p. 62
5 Hydrogel Materials for Tissue Engineering	p. 71
5.1 Tissue Engineering	p. 71
5.2 Cell and Tissue Responses	p. 72
5.2.1 Cell-Surface Interactions	p. 72
5.2.2 Foreign Body Responses	p. 73
5.2.3 Vascularisation	p. 75
5.3 Tissue Engineering Scaffold Materials	p. 75
5.3.1 Natural Polymers	p. 76
5.3.2 Synthetic Polymers	p. 76
5.4 Hydrogels	p. 77
5.4.1 Hydrogel Tissue Engineering Scaffolds	p. 77
5.4.2 Desired Hydrogel Scaffold Properties	p. 78
5.5 Applications of Hydrogels for Tissue Regeneration	p. 79
5.5.1 Cell Encapsulation and Delivery	p. 80
5.5.2 Hydrogels as Tissue Regeneration Substrates	p. 81
5.5.3 Complete Replacement of Tissues	p. 83
5.6 Summary	p. 84
6 Polyethylene Glycol Gel for Orthopaedic Technologies	p. 93
6.1 Introduction	p. 93
6.2 Polyethylene Glycol	p. 94
6.2.1 The Basic Characteristics Properties of PEG	p. 94
6.2.2 The Applications for Bio-Medicine	p. 95
6.2.2.1 Bio-interface	p. 96
6.2.2.2 Drug delivery system	p. 96
6.2.3 The Applications for Orthopaedic Surgery	p. 97
6.3 Background of Osteoarthritis (OA)	p. 98
6.3.1 OA of the Knee joint	p. 98
6.3.2 Conservative Treatment and Intra-Articular Injection of Hyaluronic Acid	p. 99
6.3.3 Total Knee Joint Arthroplasty (TKA)	p. 100
6.4 Development of Intra-Articular Artificial Lubricant Using PEG	p. 102
6.4.1 The Fabrication and Characteristics of PEG Lubricant	p. 102
6.4.2 Viscosity of PEG Lubricant	p. 103
6.4.3 In Vivo Trial as Intra-Articular Lubricants for OA of the Knee	p. 103
6.4.4 PEG Lubricant for Protection from Wear of UHMWPE in Artificial Knee Joint	p. 107
6.4.4.1 Comparison of the amount of wear of UHMWPE	p. 108
6.4.5 Potential of PEG Lubricant	p. 108
6.5 Development of PEG as an Artificial Auricular Cartilage	p. 110
6.6 Conclusion	p. 112
7 Environmentally Friendly Bearing and Sealing Systems with Artificial Articular Cartilage for Power Generation from Natural Energy	p. 115
7.1 Introduction	p. 115
7.2 Clustered Micro-Generation System for Streamflow and Tidal Power Generation	p. 116
7.3 'Bio-Star': Bearing and Seal System	p. 117
8 Controlling Water-Based or Oil-Based Film between Shoes and the Floor to Prevent Slips and Falls	p. 127
8.1 Introduction	p. 127
8.2 Hybrid Rubber Surface Pattern to Increase SCOF and DCOF when Lubricated by a Water-Based Lubricant	p. 129
8.3 High-Friction Mechanism of a Hybrid Rubber Surface Pattern	p. 131
8.4 Development of a Footwear Outsole with a Strong Grip Using a Hybrid Rubber Surface Pattern	p. 135
8.5 Conclusion	p. 140
Index	p. 145

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Table of Contents