Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) : controlling convergent networks

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Build a next-generation telecommunications infrastructure

Consolidate divergent networks into one seamless, high-performance communications landscape using cutting-edge SIP technology, tools, and techniques. Session Initiation Protocol (SIP): Controlling Convergent Networks explains how to deliver Internet phone calls, IMs, video streams, and teleconferences across legacy, wireless, and wireline networks. Learn how to manage SIP sessions, build layers and proxies, interpret control codes, set up gateways, and comply with IETF and 3GPP standards. You'll also get details on using the latest methods, maximizing QoS, and implementing security measures.

Initiate, modify, and terminate IETF-compliant SIP sessions Construct SIP messages, requests, proxies, functions, and layers Interconnect WiFi, WiMax, VoIP, and wireline networks Incorporate TDM and SS7 systems using media and signaling gateways Determine user locations with REGISTER and presence techniques Augment functionality using RFCs and packet cable extensions Prevent hijacking, tampering, DoS, DDoS, and BOTS attacks Implement reliable authentication, encryption, and intrusion detection policies

Author Notes

Travis Russell is a senior manager at Tekelec with more than 25 years of experience in data and voice networks

Acknowledgments	p. xiii
Introduction	p. xv
Chapter 1 Architecture of a SIP Network	p. 1
The Traditional Voice Network	p. 2
Wireline Network Architecture	p. 2
Wireless Network Architecture	p. 5
Network Elements in a Voice over IP Network	p. 7
Media Gateway (MG)	p. 9
Media Gateway Control Function (MGCF)	p. 10
Signaling Gateway	p. 10
Application Servers (ASs)	p. 11
The Domain Name System (DNS)	p. 11
Electronic Numbering (ENUM)	p. 12
SIP-Specific Entities	p. 13
User Agents (UAs)	p. 14
Proxy Servers	p. 16
Redirect Servers	p. 18
Registrars	p. 19
Location Servers	p. 19
Chapter 2 Structure of the SIP Protocol	p. 21
SIP Messages and Formats	p. 21
Concept of a Dialog	p. 23
Requests	p. 25
Responses	p. 26
Header Fields	p. 28
SIP Identities	p. 42
Private User Identity	p. 44
Public User Identity	p. 45
Session Description Protocol (SDP)	p. 46
Session Descriptions	p. 48
Time Descriptions	p. 50
Media Descriptions	p. 51
Attributes	p. 52
Chapter 3 SIP Status Codes	p. 55
1xx Provisional Codes	p. 57
2xx Successful Status Codes	p. 59
3xx Redirection Status Codes	p. 60
4xx Client Failure Status Codes	p. 61
5xx Server Failure Status Codes	p. 69
6xx Global Failure Status Codes	p. 70
Chapter 4 Registration Procedures in a SIP Network	p. 73
Basic Registration	p. 74
Event Notification	p. 77
Message Waiting Indication (MWI)	p. 77
Interworking with the PSTN	p. 79
Chapter 5 Establishing a Session in SIP	p. 91
Accessing the Network	p. 92
Initiating a Dialog	p. 93
Client Request	p. 97
Server Response	p. 99
Emergency Session Establishment	p. 101
SIP Routing	p. 102
Loose Routing	p. 103
Strict Routing	p. 108
SIP Session Modification	p. 111
SIP Session Termination	p. 112
Chapter 6 Extending SIP to Support New Functions	p. 115
The Concept of SIP Extensions	p. 116
How Extensions are Documented	p. 117
How Extensions are Treated	p. 117
Some Examples of Extensions	p. 118
P-Access-Network-Info	p. 119
P-Answer-State	p. 120
P-Asserted-Identity	p. 121
P-Associated-URI	p. 121
P-Called-Party-ID	p. 122
P-Charging-Function-Addresses	p. 122
P-Charging-Vector	p. 123
P-Early Media	p. 124
P-Media-Authorization	p. 125
P-Preferred-Identity	p. 125
P-Profile-Key	p. 126
P-User-Database	p. 126
P-Visited-Network-ID Header	p. 127
Packet Cable Extensions	p. 128
P-DCS-Trace-Party-ID	p. 128
P-DCS-OSPS	p. 128
P-DCS-Billing-Info	p. 129
P-DCS-LAES	p. 130
P-DCS-Redirect	p. 131
Chapter 7 Security in a SIP Network	p. 133
Types of Network Attacks	p. 134
Registration Hijacking	p. 135
Session Hijacking	p. 136
Impersonating a Server	p. 137
Tampering with Message Bodies	p. 138
Tearing Down Sessions	p. 138
Denial of Service and Amplification	p. 139
Bots and DDoS Attacks	p. 140
Security Measures	p. 141
Password and Access Controls	p. 145
Encryption	p. 146
Authentication and Authorization	p. 149
Strict Routing	p. 150
Security Solutions	p. 151
Intrusion Detection	p. 152
Intrusion Protection	p. 156
Appendix A SIP-Related RFCs	p. 159
IETF SIP Requests for Comments (RFCs)	p. 159
Appendix B Methods and Parameters	p. 163
ACK Method	p. 164
BYE Method	p. 165
CANCEL Method	p. 170
INVITE Method	p. 172
MESSAGE Method	p. 178
NOTIFY Method	p. 182
OPTIONS Method	p. 186
REGISTER Method	p. 191
SUBSCRIBE Method	p. 196
UPDATE Method	p. 201
Appendix C Methods and Parameters from a Proxy Perspective	p. 207
ACK Method	p. 208
BYE Method	p. 209
CANCEL Method	p. 213
INVITE Method	p. 215
MESSAGE Method	p. 220
NOTIFY Method	p. 224
OPTIONS Method	p. 229
REGISTER Method	p. 233
SUBSCRIBE Method	p. 238
UPDATE Method	p. 243
Bibliography	p. 247
Index	p. 251

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