The power-and energy-handling capability of optical materials, components, and systems

There is a maximum power and energy that you can put into or transmit through your optical system. This tutorial explains the factors and constraints that limit the power- and energy-handling capability of optical materials, components, and/or systems.

Preface	p. ix
Chapter 1 System Considerations	p. 1
1.1 Introduction	p. 1
1.2 Mechanisms	p. 2
1.3 Practical Problems	p. 4
1.3.1 Laser gyroscopes	p. 5
1.3.2 Scanners, transmitters, and rangefinders	p. 7
1.3.3 Communication systems	p. 8
1.3.4 Fiber optics	p. 9
1.3.4.1 Rayleigh scattering	p. 12
1.3.4.2 Brillouin scattering	p. 12
1.3.4.3 Raman scattering	p. 13
1.3.4.4 Second harmonic generation	p. 14
1.3.4.5 Self-focusing	p. 14
1.3.4.6 Power-handling capability of optical fibers	p. 15
1.3.5 Applications of lasers in the fields of physics, machining, and medicine	p. 16
1.3.5.1 Range of laser treatments in common use	p. 18
1.3.6 Resonator optics	p. 21
References	p. 22
Chapter 2 Laser-Material Interactions	p. 23
2.1 Introduction	p. 23
2.2 Reflectance and Transmittance	p. 25
2.3 Scatter	p. 26
2.3.1 Scatter theory	p. 27
2.4 Absorption	p. 30
2.5 Thermal Processes	p. 32
2.5.1 Transmitting materials	p. 34
2.5.2 Absorbing materials	p. 41
2.6 Dielectric Processes	p. 46
2.6.1 LIDT vs. pulse length and beam diameter	p. 47
2.6.2 Variation of damage threshold with wavelength	p. 50
2.7 Significance of the Units of Measurement	p. 51
2.8 Damage Morphology and Testing Regimes	p. 52
2.9 Self-focusing	p. 56
2.10 Power-Handling Capacity of Optical Fiber	p. 57
References	p. 58
Chapter 3 Surfaces, Subsurfaces, and Coatings	p. 61
3.1 Introduction	p. 61
3.2 Surfaces	p. 63
3.2.1 Polishing	p. 63
3.2.2 Surface imperfections	p. 65
3.2.3 Measurement of surface roughness	p. 66
3.2.4 Surface measurement techniques	p. 67
3.2.5 Surface damage thresholds	p. 68
3.3 Subsurfaces	p. 70
3.4 Ambient Atmosphere	p. 74
3.5 Coatings	p. 78
3.5.1 Introduction	p. 78
3.5.2 Coating technology	p. 79
3.5.3 Measurements and morphology of coated surfaces	p. 80
3.5.4 Coating design	p. 82
References	p. 88
Chapter 4 Specifications, Measurements, and International Standards	p. 91
4.1 Introduction	p. 91
4.2 Relevant ISO/TC 172 Standards	p. 92
References	p. 108
Chapter 5 Summary	p. 109
Glossary of Terms	p. 113
Index	p. 117

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