The 8051 microcontroller

Library	Item Barcode	Call Number	Material Type	Item Category 1	Status
Searching... PSZ JB	30000010159408	TJ223.M53 M324 2007	Open Access Book	Book	Searching... Unknown
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For 8051 Microcontroller courses requiring a time tested and classroom proven textbook. MacKenzie's 8051 Microcontroller text emphasises the programming of the 8051 by illustrating the two most widely used programming methods; Assembly Language and C programming. This text assumes no prior knowledge of the subject and progressively introduces 8051 Microcontroller concepts while reinforcing those concepts with plenty of examples and exercies.

1 Introduction to Microcontrollers	p. 1
1.1 Introduction	p. 1
1.2 Terminology	p. 3
1.3 The Central Processing Unit	p. 4
1.4 Semiconductor Memory: RAM and ROM	p. 5
1.5 The Buses: Address, Data, and Control	p. 6
1.6 Input/Output Devices	p. 7
1.6.1 Mass Storage Devices
1.6.2 Human Interface Devices
1.6.3 Control/Monitor Devices
1.7 Programs: Big and Small	p. 8
1.8 Micros, Minis, and Mainframes	p. 9
1.9 Microprocessors vs. Microcontrollers	p. 10
1.9.1 Hardware Architecture
1.9.2 Applications
1.9.3 Instruction Set Features
1.10 New Concepts	p. 12
1.11 Gains and Losses: A Design Example	p. 13
Problems	p. 14
2 Hardware Summary	p. 17
2.1 MCS-51 Family Overview	p. 17
2.2 Once Around the Pins	p. 18
2.2.1 Port 0
2.2.2 Port 1
2.2.3 Port 2
2.2.4 Port 3
2.2.5 PSEN (Program Store Enable)
2.2.6 ALE (Address Latch Enable)
2.2.7 EA (External Access)
2.2.8 RST (Reset)
2.2.9 On-Chip Oscillator Inputs
2.2.10 Power Connections
2.3 I/O Port Structure	p. 22
2.4 Timing and the Machine Cycle	p. 23
2.5 Memory Organization	p. 24
2.5.1 General-Purpose RAM
2.5.2 Bit-Addressable RAM
2.5.3 Register Banks
2.6 Special Function Registers	p. 28
2.6.1 Program Status Word
2.6.2 B Register
2.6.3 Stack Pointer
2.6.4 Data Pointer
2.6.5 Port Registers
2.6.6 Timer Registers
2.6.7 Serial Port Registers
2.6.8 Interrupt Registers
2.6.9 Power Control Register
2.7 External Memory	p. 36
2.7.1 Accessing External Code Memory
2.7.2 Accessing External Memory
2.7.3 Address Decoding
2.7.4 Overlapping the External Code and Data Spaces
2.8 8032/8052 Enhancements	p. 41
2.9 Reset Operation	p. 43
Summary	p. 44
Problems	p. 44
3 Instruction Set Summary	p. 49
3.1 Introduction	p. 49
3.2 Addressing Modes	p. 50
3.2.1 Register Addressing
3.2.2 Direct Addressing
3.2.3 Indirect Addressing
3.2.4 Immediate Addressing
3.2.5 Relative Addressing
3.2.6 Absolute Addressing
3.2.7 Long Addressing
3.2.8 Indexed Addressing
3.3 Instruction Types	p. 59
3.3.1 Arithmetic Instructions
3.3.2 Logical Instructions
3.3.3 Data Transfer Instructions
3.3.4 Boolean Instructions
3.3.5 Program Branching Instructions
Summary	p. 78
Problems	p. 78
4 Timer Operation	p. 87
4.1 Introduction	p. 87
4.2 Timer Mode Register (TMOD)	p. 89
4.3 Timer Control Register (TCON)	p. 89
4.4 Timer Modes and the Overflow Flag	p. 90
4.4.1 13-Bit Timer Mode (Mode 0)
4.4.2 16-Bit Timer Mode (Mode 1)
4.4.3 8-Bit Auto-Reload Mode (Mode 2)
4.4.4 Split Timer Mode (Mode 3)
4.5 Clocking Sources	p. 92
4.5.1 Interval Timing
4.5.2 Event Counting
4.6 Starting, Stopping, and Controlling the Timers	p. 93
4.7 Initializing and Accessing Timer Registers	p. 95
4.7.1 Reading a Timer "on the Fly"
4.8 Short, Medium, and Long Intervals	p. 96
4.9 Producing Exact Frequencies	p. 102
4.9.1 Eliminating Round-off Errors
4.9.2 Compensating for Overhead Due to Instructions
4.10 8052 Timer 2	p. 105
4.10.1 Auto-Reload Mode
4.10.2 Capture Mode
4.11 Baud Rate Generation	p. 106
Summary	p. 107
Problems	p. 107
5 Serial Port Operation	p. 111
5.1 Introduction	p. 111
5.2 Serial Communication	p. 111
5.3 Serial Port Buffer Register (SBUF)	p. 112
5.4 Serial Port Control Register (SCON)	p. 113
5.5 Modes of Operation	p. 113
5.5.1 8-Bit Shift Register (Mode 0)
5.5.2 8-Bit UART with Variable Baud Rate (Mode 1)
5.5.3 9-Bit UART with Fixed Baud Rate (Mode 2)
5.5.4 9-Bit UART with Variable Baud Rate (Mode 3)
5.6 Full Duplex Serial Communication: Issues	p. 117
5.7 Initialization and Accessing Serial Port Registers	p. 118
5.7.1 Receiver Enable
5.7.2 The Ninth Data Bit
5.7.3 Adding a Parity Bit
5.7.4 Interrupt Flags
5.8 Multiprocessor Communications	p. 119
5.9 Serial Port Baud Rates	p. 120
5.9.1 Using Timer 1 as the Baud Rate Clock
Summary	p. 127
Problems	p. 128
6 Interrupts	p. 131
6.1 Introduction	p. 131
6.2 8051 Interrupt Organization	p. 132
6.2.1 Enabling and Disabling Interrupts
6.2.2 Interrupt Priority
6.2.3 Polling Sequence
6.3 Processing Interrupts	p. 136
6.3.1 Interrupt Vectors
6.4 Program Design Using Interrupts	p. 137
6.4.1 Small Interrupt Service Routines
6.4.2 Large Interrupt Service Routines
6.5 Timer Interrupts	p. 139
6.6 Serial Port Interrupts	p. 142
6.7 External Interrupts	p. 143
6.8 Interrupt Timings	p. 148
Summary	p. 149
Problems	p. 150
7 Assembly Language Programming	p. 151
7.1 Introduction	p. 151
7.2 Assembler Operation	p. 152
7.2.1 Pass One
7.2.2 Pass Two
7.3 Assembly Language Program Format	p. 155
7.3.1 Label Field
7.3.2 Mnemonic Field
7.3.3 Operand Field
7.3.4 Comment Field
7.3.5 Special Assembler Symbols
7.3.6 Indirect Address
7.3.7 Immediate Data
7.3.8 Data Address
7.3.9 Bit Address
7.3.10 Code Address
7.3.11 Generic Jumps and Calls
7.4 Assemble-Time Expression Evaluation	p. 160
7.4.1 Number Bases
7.4.2 Character Strings
7.4.3 Arithmetic Operators
7.4.4 Logical Operators
7.4.5 Special Operators
7.4.6 Relational Operators
7.4.7 Expression Examples
7.4.8 Operator Precedence
7.5 Assembler Directives	p. 164
7.5.1 Assembler State Control
7.5.2 Symbol Definition
7.5.3 Storage Initialization/Reservation
7.5.4 Program Linkage
7.5.5 Segment Selection Directives
7.6 Assembler Controls	p. 173
7.7 Linker Operation	p. 173
7.8 Annotated Example: Linking Relocatable Segments and Modules	p. 176
7.8.1 ECHO.LST
7.8.2 IO.LST
7.8.3 Example.M51
7.9 Macros	p. 183
7.9.1 Parameter Passing
7.9.2 Local Labels
7.9.3 Repeat Operations
7.9.4 Control Flow Operations
Summary	p. 188
Problems	p. 188
8 8051 C Programming	p. 191
8.1 Introduction	p. 191
8.2 Advantages and Disadvantages of 8051 C	p. 191
8.3 8051 C Compilers	p. 192
8.4 Data Types	p. 193
8.5 Memory Types and Models	p. 197
8.6 Arrays	p. 198
8.7 Structures	p. 199
8.8 Pointers	p. 199
8.8.1 A Pointer's Memory Type
8.8.2 Typed Pointers
8.8.3 Untyped Pointers
8.9 Functions	p. 202
8.9.1 Parameter Passing
8.9.2 Return Values
8.10 Some 8051 C Examples	p. 204
8.10.1 The First Program
8.10.2 Timers
8.10.3 Serial Port
8.10.4 Interrupts
Summary	p. 214
Problems	p. 214
9 Program Structure and Design	p. 217
9.1 Introduction	p. 217
9.2 Advantages and Disadvantages of Structured Programming	p. 219
9.3 The Three Structures	p. 220
9.3.1 Statements
9.3.2 The Loop Structure
9.3.3 The Choice Structure
9.4 Pseudo Code Syntax	p. 234
9.5 Assembly Language Programming Style	p. 237
9.5.1 Labels
9.5.2 Comments
9.5.3 Comment Blocks
9.5.4 Saving Registers on the Stack
9.5.5 The Use of Equates
9.5.6 The Use of Subroutines
9.5.7 Program Organization
9.6 8051 C Programming Style	p. 243
9.6.1 Comments
9.6.2 The Use of Defines
9.6.3 The Use of Functions
9.6.4 The Use of Arrays and Pointers
9.6.5 Program Organization
Summary	p. 245
Problems	p. 245
10 Tools and Techniques for Program Development	p. 247
10.1 Introduction	p. 247
10.2 The Development Cycle	p. 247
10.2.1 Software Development
10.2.2 Hardware Development
10.3 Integration and Verification	p. 251
10.3.1 Software Simulation
10.3.2 Hardware Emulation
10.3.3 Execution from RAM
10.3.4 Execution from EPROM
10.3.5 The Factory Mask Process
10.4 Commands and Environments	p. 255
Summary	p. 257
Problems	p. 257
11 Design and Interface Examples	p. 259
11.1 Introduction	p. 259
11.2 The SBC-51	p. 259
11.3 Hexadecimal Keypad Interface	p. 265
11.4 Interface to Multiple 7-Segment LEDs	p. 267
11.5 Interface to Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs)	p. 273
11.6 Loudspeaker Interface	p. 276
11.7 Nonvolatile RAM Interface	p. 277
11.8 Input/Output Expansion	p. 282
11.8.1 Using Shift Registers
11.8.2 Using the 8255
11.9 RS232 (EIA-232) Serial Interface	p. 291
11.10 Centronics Parallel Interface	p. 294
11.11 Analog Output	p. 296
11.12 Analog Input	p. 300
11.13 Interface to Sensors	p. 303
11.14 Interface to Relays	p. 306
11.15 Stepper Motor Interface	p. 310
Summary	p. 315
Problems	p. 315
12 Design and Interface Examples in C	p. 319
12.1 Introduction	p. 319
12.2 Hexadecimal Keypad Interface	p. 319
12.3 Interface to Multiple 7-Segment LEDs	p. 323
12.4 Interface to Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs)	p. 325
12.5 Loudspeaker Interface	p. 327
12.6 Nonvolatile RAM Interface	p. 329
12.7 Input/Output Expansion	p. 333
12.8 RS232 (EIA-232) Serial Interface	p. 337
12.9 Centronics Parallel Interface	p. 339
12.10 Analog Output	p. 341
12.11 Analog Input	p. 342
12.12 Interface to Sensors	p. 344
12.13 Interface to Relays	p. 346
12.14 Stepper Motor Interface	p. 347
Problems	p. 350
13 Example Student Projects	p. 353
13.1 Introduction	p. 353
13.2 Home Security System	p. 353
13.2.1 Project Description
13.2.2 System Specifications
13.2.3 System Design
13.2.4 Software Design
13.3 Elevator System	p. 355
13.3.1 Project Description
13.3.2 System Specifications
13.3.3 System Design
13.3.4 Software Design
13.4 Tic-Tac-Toe	p. 358
13.4.1 Project Description
13.4.2 System Specifications
13.4.3 Software Design
13.5 Calculator	p. 363
13.5.1 Project Description
13.5.2 System Specifications
13.5.3 Software Design
13.6 Micromouse	p. 366
13.6.1 Project Description
13.6.2 System Specifications
13.6.3 System Design
13.6.4 Software Design
13.7 A Soccer-Playing Robot	p. 369
13.7.1 Project Description
13.7.2 System Specifications
13.7.3 System Design
13.7.4 Software Design
13.8 A Smart Card Application	p. 371
13.8.1 Basic Security Concepts
13.8.2 Project Description
13.8.3 System Specifications
13.8.4 Software Design
Summary	p. 373
Problems	p. 374
14 8051 Derivatives	p. 377
14.1 Introduction	p. 377
14.2 MCS-151 and MCS-251	p. 377
14.3 Microcontrollers with Flash Memory and NVRAM	p. 377
14.4 Microcontrollers with ADCs and DACs	p. 378
14.5 High-Speed Microcontrollers	p. 378
14.6 Network Microcontrollers	p. 379
14.7 Secure Microcontrollers	p. 379
Summary	p. 379
Problems	p. 380
Appendices
A Quick Reference Chart	p. 381
B Opcode Map	p. 383
C Instruction Definitions	p. 385
D Special Function Registers	p. 431
E 8051 Data Sheet	p. 439
F ASCII Code Chart	p. 455
G MON51-An 8051 Monitor Program	p. 457
H A Guide to Keil's [mu] Vision2 IDE	p. 499
I A Guide to the 8052 Simulator	p. 507
J The Advanced Encryption Standard	p. 515
K Sources of 8051 Development Products	p. 521
Bibliography	p. 527
Index	p. 529

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