Integrated microwave front-ends with avionics applications

This highly practical resource offers you an in-depth understanding of microwave front end integration and how it is applied in the avionics field. You find detailed guidance on circuit integration, including coverage of component miniaturization, hybrid and monolithic integrated circuits, and 3D design. The book addresses system integration with discussions on the combination of different avionic systems, single antenna design, top/bottom front end combination, and integration of passive and active antenna modules. This first-of-its-kind volume features unique material on novel structures of avionics front end, novel transmission lines, elements, and devices, as well as new strategies for microwave front-end design. Supported with nearly 200 illustrations and more than 160 equations, this book is a valuable professional reference and also serves well as a postgraduate textbook.

Author Notes

Leo G. Maloratsky currently works for Aerospace Electronics Co. Previously, he was a staff engineer at Allied Signal, a principle engineer at Rockwell Collins, and an assistant professor at the Moscow Institute of Radioelectronics. He is the author of four monographs, one textbook, and over 50 articles. He also holds over 20 patents. He received an M.S. in electrical engineering from the Moscow Aviation Institute and a Ph.D. from the Moscow Institute of Communications.

Preface	p. xi
Chapter 1 Introduction	p. 1
References	p. 4
Chapter 2 Architecture and Characteristics of Microwave Front-Ends	p. 5
2.1 Basic Front-End Architecture	p. 5
2.2 Main Characteristics of Front-Ends	p. 8
2.3 Performance of Avionics Front-Ends	p. 11
References	p. 16
Chapter 3 Planar Transmission Lines	p. 17
3.1 Characteristics of Planar Transmission Lines	p. 17
3.1.1 Stripline	p. 17
3.1.2 Microstrip Line	p. 19
3.1.3 Suspended Stripline	p. 37
3.1.4 Coplanar Waveguide	p. 38
3.1.5 Slotline	p. 39
3.1.6 Comparison of Different Planar Transmission Lines	p. 39
3.2 Coupled Planar Transmission Lines	p. 40
3.2.1 Irregular Coupled Lines	p. 44
3.3 Combinations of Different Transmission Lines	p. 44
3.4 Setting Strategies and Trade-Off Design of Planar Transmission Lines	p. 49
References	p. 54
Chapter 4 Distributed and Lumped Elements	p. 59
4.1 Lumped-Element Capactiors	p. 59
4.2 Lumped-Element Inductors	p. 61
4.3 Lumped-Element Resistors	p. 63
4.4 Cascade Arrangement of Elementary Lumped Elements	p. 66
4.5 Distributed Planar Attenuators or Terminators	p. 69
4.6 Discontinuities	p. 70
References	p. 73
Chapter 5 Passive Devices	p. 75
5.1 Directional Couplers	p. 75
5.2 Dividers and Combiners	p. 93
5.3 Filters	p. 104
5.3.1 Bandpass Filters	p. 106
5.3.2 Lowpass Filters	p. 113
5.4 Baluns	p. 118
5.5 Circulators and Isolators	p. 122
5.6 Trade-Off Design of Passive RF/Microwave Components	p. 129
References	p. 129
Chapter 6 Control Devices	p. 133
6.1 Switches	p. 133
6.2 Limiters	p. 141
6.3 Phase Shifters	p. 144
References	p. 153
Chapter 7 Duplexers and Diplexers	p. 155
References	p. 168
Chapter 8 Low-Noise Amplifiers	p. 171
References	p. 179
Chapter 9 Mixers	p. 181
References	p. 191
Chapter 10 Avionics Front-Ends	p. 193
10.1 Distance Measuring Equipment	p. 194
10.2 Microwave Landing System	p. 202
10.3 Global Positioning System	p. 209
10.4 Traffic Collision Avoidance System	p. 212
10.5 Transponder	p. 216
10.6 Radio Altimeter	p. 219
10.7 Weather Radar	p. 223
10.8 Comparison of Microwave Front-Ends for Different Avionics Systems	p. 225
References	p. 227
Chapter 11 Integrated Multifunctional Front-Ends	p. 229
11.1 Multimode Receiver	p. 230
11.2 XPDR/DME/UAT/ADS-B System	p. 232
11.3 TCAS/XPDR and TCAS/XPDR/UAT Systems	p. 234
11.4 TCAS/XPDR/ADS-B	p. 236
11.5 Integration Index of Combined Integrated Front-Ends	p. 237
11.6 Interference in Avionics Systems	p. 238
References	p. 244
Chapter 12 Antennas and Interfaces	p. 247
12.1 Blade Antennas	p. 248
12.2 Patch Antennas	p. 251
12.3 Passive Antenna Arrays	p. 254
12.4 Folded-Monopole Antenna Array	p. 258
12.5 Analysis of Printed BFNs and SBFNs	p. 264
12.6 Nonideal Antenna Module Performance	p. 270
12.7 Scanning Antennas	p. 278
12.8 Active Antennas	p. 280
12.9 Antenna Module Interface	p. 285
References	p. 289
Chapter 13 Control and Calibration of Avionics Microwave Front-Ends	p. 293
13.1 Avionics Monopulse Front-Ends and Bearing Accuracy	p. 295
13.2 Calibration of Avionics Front-Ends	p. 306
13.3 Self-Test of Avionics Front-Ends	p. 310
References	p. 314
Chapter 14 Design and Fabrication Technology	p. 317
14.1 Technology Processes	p. 317
14.1.1 Printed Circuit Boards	p. 318
14.1.2 Thick Films	p. 318
14.1.3 Thin Films	p. 319
14.1.4 Low-Temperature Cofired Ceramic	p. 319
14.1.5 Monolithic Process	p. 319
14.1.6 Comparison of Different Technology Processes	p. 321
14.2 Design Flow	p. 324
14.3 Packaging of Microwave Circuitry	p. 326
14.4 Multilayer Design	p. 333
14.5 Three-Dimensional Front-End Design	p. 337
14.6 Future of Avionics Front-Ends	p. 344
References	p. 344
Acronyms	p. 347
About the Author	p. 353
Index	p. 355

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