Nanostructured materials

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San Diego, CA : Academic Press, 2001

ISBN:

9780127444512

Subject Term:

Nanostructure materials

Added Author:

Ying, Jackie Y.

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Library	Item Barcode	Call Number	Material Type	Item Category 1	Status
Searching... PSZ JB	30000010026081	TA418.9.N35 N35 2001	Open Access Book	Book	Searching... Unknown

This thematic volume of Advances in Chemical Engineering presents the latest advances in the exciting interdisciplinary field of nanostructured materials. Written by chemical engineers, chemists, physicists, materials scientists, and bioengineers, this volume focuses on the molecular engineering of materials at the nanometer scale for unique size-dependent properties. It describes a "bottom-up" approach to designing nanostructured systems for a variety of chemical, physical, and biological applications.

Author Notes

Gregory Stephanopoulos is a Professor of Chemical Engineering at MIT. He received his B.S. from the National Technical University of Athens, his M.S. from the University of Florida and his Ph.D. from the University of Minnesota, all in Chemical Engineering. Upon graduation, he joined the Chemical Engineering Faculty of the California Institute of Technology, where he served as Assistant and Associate Professor until 1985. In 1985 he was appointed Professor of Chemical Engineering at MIT where he has been ever since.Stephanopoulos' work has appeared in more than 150 publications and 7 patents. He has been recognized with the Dreyfus Foundation Teacher Scholar Award (1982), Excellence in Teaching Award (1984), and Technical Achievement Award of the AIChE (1984). He has been a Presidential Young Investigator and the Chairman of the Food Pharmaceutical & Bioengineering Division of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (1992). In 1992 he was a Visiting Professor at the International Research Center for Biotechnology at Osaka University and was elected a Founding Fellow of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering. In 1996 he chaired the first Conference on Metabolic Engineering and gave the inaugural Bayer Lecture on Biochemical Engineering at the University of California at Berkeley. He was honored with the FPBE Division Award at AIChE in 1997.

Contributors	p. ix
Preface	p. xi
Engineered Synthesis of Nanostructured Materials and CatalystsWilliam R. Moser and Josef Find and Sean C. Emerson and Ivo M. Krausz
I. Introduction	p. 2
II. Properties and Reactivities of Nanostructured Materials	p. 3
A. Structure and Electronic Properties of Nanostructured Materials	p. 4
B. Catalytic Properties of Nanostructured Materials	p. 6
III. Progress in Synthesis Processes of Nanostructured Materials	p. 8
A. Sol--Gel and Precipitation Technologies	p. 9
B. Combustion Flame--Chemical Vapor Condensation Process	p. 10
C. Gas Phase Condensation Synthesis	p. 11
D. Reverse Micelle Synthesis	p. 12
E. Polymer-Mediated Synthesis	p. 14
F. Protein Microtube--Mediated Synthesis	p. 15
G. Sonochemical Synthesis	p. 16
IV. Engineered Synthesis of Nanostructured Catalysts	p. 18
A. Hydrodynamic Cavitation	p. 20
B. Experimental	p. 23
C. Characterization of Reynolds and Throat Cavitation Numbers	p. 25
D. Synthesis of Metal Oxide Catalysts and Supported Metals by Hydrodynamic Cavitation	p. 27
E. Estimation of the in Situ Calcination Temperature in MoO[subscript 3] Synthesis	p. 28
F. Hydrodynamic Cavitation Synthesis of Nanostructured Catalysts in High-Phase Purities and Varying Grain Sizes	p. 32
G. The Introduction of Crystallographic Strain in Catalysts by Hydrodynamic Cavitation	p. 34
H. Synthesis under Variable Fluid-Flow Conditions	p. 39
V. Conclusions	p. 42
References	p. 42
Supported Nanostructured Catalysts: Metal Complexes and Metal ClustersB. C. Gates
I. Introduction: Supported Nanostructures as Catalysts	p. 50
II. Supported Metal Complexes--Molecular Analogues Bonded to Surfaces	p. 51
A. Preparation	p. 52
B. Determination of Composition	p. 53
C. Determination of Metal Oxidation State	p. 53
D. Spectroscopic and Theoretical Characterization of Structure	p. 54
E. Examples	p. 54
F. Generalizations about Structure and Bonding	p. 62
G. Generalizations about Reactivity and Catalysis	p. 62
III. Metal Pair Sites and Triplet Sites on Supports	p. 63
IV. Supported Metal Nanoclusters	p. 64
A. Preparation	p. 65
B. Structural Characterization	p. 67
C. Examples	p. 68
D. Catalytic Properties	p. 70
E. Generalizations about Structure, Bonding, Reactivity, and Catalysis	p. 73
V. Supported Metal Nanoparticles	p. 73
References	p. 74
Nanostructured AdsorbentsRalph T. Yang
I. Introduction	p. 80
II. Fundamental Factors for Designing Adsorbents	p. 81
A. Potential Energies for Adsorption	p. 81
B. Heat of Adsorption	p. 83
C. Effects of Adsorbate Properties on Adsorption: Polarizability ([alpha]), Dipole Moment ([mu]), and Quadrupole Moment (Q)	p. 84
D. Basic Considerations for Sorbent Design	p. 85
III. Activated Carbon, Activated Alumina, and Silica Gel	p. 88
A. Recent Developments on Activated Carbon	p. 91
B. Activated Alumina and Silica Gel	p. 93
IV. MCM-41	p. 94
V. Zeolites	p. 96
A. Structures and Cation Sites	p. 98
B. Unique Adsorption Properties: Anionic Oxygens and Isolated Cations	p. 99
C. Interactions with Cations: Effects of Site, Charge, and Ionic Radius	p. 100
VI. [pi]-Complexation Sorbents	p. 108
A. [pi]-Complexation Sorbents for Olefin--Paraffin Separations	p. 109
B. Effects of Cation, Anion, and Substrate	p. 112
C. Nature of the [pi]-Complexation Bond	p. 114
D. Olefin--Diene Separation and Purification, Aromatic and Aliphatics Separation, and Acetylene Separation	p. 117
VII. Other Sorbents and Their Unique Adsorption Properties: Carbon Nanotubes, Heteropoly Compounds, and Pillared Clays	p. 118
A. Carbon Nanotubes	p. 118
B. Heteropoly Compounds	p. 119
C. Pillared Clays	p. 120
References	p. 121
Nanophase Ceramics: The Future Orthopedic and Dental Implant MaterialThomas J. Webster
I. Introduction	p. 126
II. Mechanical Properties of Bone	p. 128
III. Bone Physiology	p. 128
A. Microarchitecture	p. 128
B. Structural Organization of the Bone Microarchitecture	p. 131
C. Chemical Composition of the Bone Matrix	p. 131
D. Cells of the Bone Tissue	p. 136
E. Bone Remodeling	p. 139
IV. The Tissue--Implant Interface	p. 140
A. Wound-Healing Response of Bone	p. 141
B. Protein Interactions with Biomaterial Surfaces	p. 141
C. Protein-Mediated Cell Adhesion on Biomaterial Surfaces	p. 143
V. Materials Currently Used as Orthopedic and Dental Implants	p. 145
A. Novel Surface Modifications of Conventional Orthopedic and Dental Implants	p. 147
VI. Next Generation of Orthopedic and Dental Implants: Nanophase Ceramics	p. 148
A. Surface Properties of Nanophase Ceramics for Enhanced Orthopedic and Dental Implant Efficacy	p. 149
B. Mechanical Properties of Nanophase Ceramics for Enhanced Orthopedic/Dental Implant Efficacy	p. 156
VII. Conclusions	p. 159
References	p. 160
Fabrication, Structure, and Transport Properties of NanowiresYu-Ming Lin and Mildred S. Dresselhaus and Jackie Y. Ying
I. Introduction	p. 168
II. Fabrication and Structural Characteristics of Nanowires	p. 168
A. Template-Assisted Synthesis	p. 169
B. Laser-Assisted Synthesis	p. 181
C. Other Synthesis Methods	p. 184
III. Theoretical Modeling of Nanowire Band Structures	p. 185
A. Band Structures of One-Dimensional Systems	p. 185
B. The Semimetal--Semiconductor Transition in Semimetallic Nanowires	p. 188
IV. Transport Properties	p. 191
A. Semiclassical Model	p. 192
B. Temperature-Dependent Resistivity of Nanowires	p. 193
V. Summary	p. 198
References	p. 199
Index	p. 205
Contents of Volumes in this Serial	p. 217

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