Succeeding with object databases : a practical look at today's implementations with java and xml

Take a tour with leading researchers and developers for a practical look at object databases. Whether you currently work with or are thinking of moving to object databases, Chaudhri and Zicari provide a collection of real-world case studies and examples that demonstrate how some of the world's leading companies and research institutions are leveraging Java, XML, and Object Relational Systems to build robust databases.

Starting with a comprehensive introduction to object and object-relational databases, the book then offers detailed discussions on some of the latest topics in the field such as JDBC and SQLJ support in relational databases and database modeling using UML.

You'll also learn about object-to-relational mapping tools, architectural issues that influence performance, and the issues of complexity and scale.How popular tools from Computer Associates, eXcelon, GemStone, Objectivity, Oracle, Versant, and Poet were used in the case studies is also discussed.The companion Web site atwww.wiley.com/compbooks/chaudhri includes links to object-oriented database software applications and additional resources. Visit our Web site at www.wiley.com/compbooks/Visit the companion Web site at www.wiley.com/compbooks/chaudhri

Author Notes

AKMAL B. CHAUDHRI is a Senior Architect with Informix Software. He is also the coeditor of Object Databases in Practice and a frequent speaker at a number of international conferences, including OOPSLA and Object World. ROBERTO ZICARI is full professor of Computer Science at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University in Frankfurt, Germany. He is Editor-in-Chief of the Theory and Practice of Object Systems journal (Wiley ) and has consulted and lectured in Europe, North America, and Japan.

Acknowledgments	p. xiii
Introduction	p. xv
Part 1 Introduction	p. 1
Chapter 1 OODBMS History and Concepts	p. 3
Historical Perspective	p. 4
The Beginning	p. 4
Standardization	p. 5
Object-Relational DBMSs	p. 6
Java	p. 8
OODBMS Products and Their Evolution	p. 9
ORION/Itasca	p. 9
O2	p. 10
GemStone	p. 11
IRIS/OpenODB	p. 11
Vbase/Ontos	p. 12
ObjectStore	p. 12
POET	p. 13
Data Model Concepts	p. 13
Objects	p. 13
Classes	p. 16
Inheritance	p. 19
An Example	p. 21
Query Language	p. 23
Conclusion	p. 25
Part 2 Object-Relational Systems	p. 27
Chapter 2 Mapping UML Diagrams to Object-Relational Schemas in Oracle 8	p. 29
Overview of UML	p. 31
Overview of Oracle 8	p. 35
Mapping Issues	p. 37
Objects and Relationships between Objects	p. 38
Object Hierarchies	p. 39
VARRAYS and Nested Tables	p. 42
Triggers for Maintaining Inverses	p. 44
Derived Attributes	p. 45
Embedded Objects	p. 46
Queries over Objects	p. 48
Comparison to Other Systems	p. 48
Conclusion	p. 50
Chapter 3 SQLJ and JDBC: Database Access in Java	p. 53
A Bit of Background	p. 53
SQLJ Basics	p. 54
Embedded SQL Syntax	p. 55
SQLJ Translator	p. 55
Execution Model	p. 56
The SQLJ Standard	p. 56
JDBC Basics	p. 57
Statements	p. 57
A Note on Deployment	p. 58
Connecting to the Database	p. 58
Connecting at Run Time in SQLJ	p. 59
Connecting to the Database for SQLJ Translation	p. 60
Connecting in JDBC	p. 60
Mix and Match SQLJ and JDBC	p. 60
Interfacing SQL and Java	p. 61
Retrieving Data through an SQL Query	p. 61
Datatype Mapping	p. 66
Performance, Performance	p. 69
JDBC Prepared Statements	p. 69
Batching of Updates	p. 70
Connection Pooling	p. 70
SQLJ and JDBC in Oracle 8i	p. 71
SQLJ versus JDBC	p. 72
Conclusion	p. 72
Chapter 4 Penguin: Objects for Programs, Relations for Persistence	p. 75
Mapping from the Object Model to the Relational Model	p. 76
Relational Database Storage and Semantic Modeling	p. 79
Defining Object Views of Relational Databases	p. 79
Updating Base Relations from Objects	p. 81
Heterogeneous Data Sources	p. 81
Methods	p. 82
Concurrency Control	p. 83
Performance Issues	p. 83
Caching Structure	p. 83
Cache Management	p. 84
Data Transfer	p. 86
Future Directions	p. 87
Conclusion	p. 87
Part 3 XML	p. 89
Chapter 5 A New Stage in ODBMS Normalization: Myth or Reality?	p. 91
State of the ODBMS Market	p. 91
Why a Standard Like ODMG?	p. 93
ODMG: A Reconciliation between Programming Languages and DBMSs	p. 95
An RDBMS Evolution toward Object Paradigm	p. 96
XML Application Founded on OQL	p. 97
System Motivations	p. 98
Why XML?	p. 98
The Database Model	p. 100
Database Management Using O2 versus Versant	p. 101
The Information Retrieval Technique	p. 103
Conclusion	p. 106
Chapter 6 PDOM: Lightweight Persistency Support	p. 107
Introduction to DOM	p. 108
Architecture	p. 108
Binary File Organization	p. 109
Persistent Object Manager	p. 111
Object Serialization and Deserialization	p. 111
Cache Strategy	p. 112
Safe File Updates	p. 113
Performance Evaluation	p. 116
Related Work	p. 116
Conclusion	p. 118
Chapter 7 The Model of Object Primitives (MOP)	p. 119
Model of Object Primitives	p. 121
MOP Semantics	p. 121
MOPClass	p. 121
Constraint	p. 123
State Class	p. 123
Behavior Class	p. 124
Policy	p. 125
Collection Class	p. 127
Relationship	p. 127
Mapping Data Models to MOP	p. 129
XML in MOP	p. 129
ODMG in MOP	p. 133
Relational Model in MOP	p. 137
Case Studies	p. 139
Conclusion	p. 142
Part 4 Benchmarks and Performance	p. 145
Chapter 8 A Performance Comparison of Object and Relational Databases for Complex Objects	p. 147
The Application	p. 148
The OO Model	p. 148
The EER Model	p. 149
One Complex Object	p. 149
Database Operations	p. 150
Open and Close the Database	p. 152
Pick Top Objects	p. 152
Traverse Complex Objects	p. 153
Copy Complex Objects	p. 153
Inserts of Complex Objects	p. 153
Deletes of Complex Objects	p. 154
Updates of Complex Objects	p. 155
Benchmark Considerations	p. 155
The DBMSs Used	p. 155
Test Environment	p. 155
Warm and Cold Runs	p. 156
Database Considerations	p. 157
Benchmarks Results	p. 157
Database Sizes	p. 157
Open and Close the Databases	p. 157
Pick Top Objects	p. 159
Traverse Complex Objects	p. 159
Copy Complex Objects	p. 160
Inserts of Complex Objects	p. 162
Deletes of Complex Objects	p. 163
Updates of Complex Objects	p. 165
Conclusion	p. 166
Chapter 9 Object Databases and Java Architectural Issues	p. 167
ODBMS Architecture	p. 167
Object, Page, and File Servers	p. 168
Performance Issues	p. 168
Java Language Binding	p. 176
Implementing Persistence	p. 177
Evaluating Performance and Benchmarking	p. 183
Conclusion	p. 183
Chapter 10 Addressing Complexity and Scale in a High-Performance Object Server	p. 185
The ABS Business Register	p. 187
Key Issues Raised by the ABS-BR	p. 188
Approaching a Solution	p. 191
Abstraction as a Tool	p. 191
Java as a Development Platform	p. 194
Engineering a Solution	p. 195
Orthogonal Persistence and Versioning through Semantic Extensions to Java	p. 196
SEF: The Semantic Extension Framework	p. 201
PSI: Abstracting over Storage	p. 204
Implmenting the ABS-BR Demonstrator	p. 206
Analysis	p. 208
Evaluation of the ABS-BR Demonstrator, OPJ, and OVJ	p. 208
Commercial Alternatives and Related Work	p. 213
Directions for Future Work	p. 215
Conclusion	p. 216
Part 5 Database Development	p. 217
Chapter 11 The Unified Modeling Process in Web-Deployed, Object-Oriented Database Systems	p. 219
Objectivity/DB Architecture	p. 220
The Unified Modeling Process (UMP)	p. 221
Unified Modeling Language (UML)	p. 221
UML Programming Environment	p. 222
Using UML for Data Service Design	p. 225
OO Database Development with UML Example	p. 228
Generating DDL Classes	p. 230
The Web Deployment Challenge	p. 235
Process-Driven versus Project-Driven Deployment	p. 235
Web-Based Deployment of OO Databases	p. 239
Conclusion	p. 247
Chapter 12 Teaching Object-Oriented Database Concepts	p. 249
Background	p. 249
Teaching OODBMS Concepts--A Summary	p. 251
The OODBMS Subject Details	p. 251
Teaching OODBMS Concepts	p. 252
The Legacy of the Relational Area	p. 253
Modeling and OO Schemata	p. 254
Algebra for Objects	p. 255
Object-Oriented SQL	p. 257
Teaching OODBMS Programming	p. 259
Dealing with the ObjectStore API	p. 259
What the More (and Less) Successful Students Produced	p. 263
Assignments	p. 263
Evaluating Assignments	p. 264
The Second Assignment	p. 265
The Third Assignment	p. 266
Technical Problems in Practical Work	p. 268
Conclusion	p. 268
Chapter 13 Building a Jasmine Database	p. 271
Design Goals	p. 271
Physical Storage	p. 275
Stores and Extents	p. 276
Class Families	p. 278
Class Definitions	p. 279
The Database Administrator and ODQL Interpreter	p. 279
Class Definitions	p. 282
Loading Data	p. 286
Experimenting with ODQL Code for Methods	p. 290
Method Definitions	p. 293
Compiling and Testing	p. 297
More Methods	p. 298
The Importance of Being Scripted	p. 302
Backing Up a Database	p. 303
Creating Duplicates of jadelibCF and mediaCF	p. 304
Conclusion	p. 307
Appendix 13.1 Complete ODQL for Defining and Building Classes in This Database (Classes.odql)	p. 308
Appendix 13.2 Code for Creating a Few Instances of Each Class (DataEntry01.odql)	p. 311
Chapter 14 Seamlessness and Transparency in Object-Oriented Databases	p. 315
General Experience Using OpenOODB	p. 316
Detailed Experience Extending OpenOODB	p. 318
Name Management	p. 319
Interoperability	p. 321
Persistence	p. 322
Summary	p. 324
Conclusion	p. 325
Part 6 Case Studies	p. 327
Chapter 15 Experiences Using the ODMG Standard in Bioinformatics Applications	p. 329
Object Databases in Bioinformatics	p. 330
Modeling Genomic Information	p. 332
Application Development	p. 334
Implementing the Object Model	p. 335
Populating the Database	p. 337
Developing User Interfaces	p. 338
Conclusion	p. 341
Chapter 16 An Object-Oriented Database for Managing Genetic Sequences	p. 343
The Learning Environment	p. 344
Related Work	p. 346
Relational versus Object-Oriented Databases	p. 347
Relational Data Model	p. 348
Impedance Mismatch	p. 348
Object-Oriented Database Management Systems	p. 349
Prototype	p. 349
Application Requirements	p. 349
Modeling Genetic Sequences	p. 350
Modeling the Behavior of Sequences	p. 352
Conclusion	p. 356
Chapter 17 The Geospatial Information Distribution System (GIDS)	p. 357
Use of Object-Oriented Technology and ODBMS	p. 358
2D GIDS Design	p. 359
Server	p. 360
Interface	p. 361
Client	p. 364
2D GIDS Application	p. 369
Urban Warrior	p. 369
3D GIDS	p. 371
VPF+	p. 372
3D GIDS System Overview	p. 374
Experience Report	p. 375
Conclusion	p. 378
Chapter 18 Architecture of the Distributed, Multitier Railway Application DaRT	p. 379
Introduction and Motivation	p. 379
The Application Domain	p. 380
Three-Tier Architecture	p. 381
Clustering in the Database	p. 384
Designing the Application Servers	p. 386
Alternative 1 Uniform Servers	p. 386
Alternative 2 Multithreaded Servers	p. 387
Alternative 3 Data-Specific Servers	p. 389
Alternative 4 Dialog-Oriented Servers	p. 390
Comparison and Evaluation	p. 391
Designing the End-User Client	p. 393
Alternative 1 Class-Based Caching	p. 394
Alternative 2 Implicit Caching	p. 396
Comparison and Evaluation	p. 397
Conclusion	p. 397
Part 7 Conclusions	p. 399
Chapter 19 Conclusion	p. 401
References	p. 403
Appendix About the Contributors	p. 421
Index	p. 431

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