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Cover image for Multiphase flow analysis using population balance modeling : bubbles, drops and particles
Title:
Multiphase flow analysis using population balance modeling : bubbles, drops and particles
Personal Author:
Publication Information:
Amsterdam : Butterworth-Heinemann, 2014.
Physical Description:
xv, 365p.: ill. ; 24cm.
ISBN:
9780080982298

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30000010242597 TA357.5.M84 Y462 2014 Open Access Book Book
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30000010336674 TA357.5.M84 Y462 2014 Open Access Book Book
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Summary

Summary

Written by leading multiphase flow and CFD experts, this book enables engineers and researchers to understand the use of PBM and CFD frameworks. Population balance approaches can now be used in conjunction with CFD, effectively driving more efficient and effective multiphase flow processes. Engineers familiar with standard CFD software, including ANSYS-CFX and ANSYS-Fluent, will be able to use the tools and approaches presented in this book in the effective research, modeling and control of multiphase flow problems.


Author Notes

Guan Heng Yeoh Dr. Yeoh is a Senior Research Scientist at the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), an Associate Professor at the University of New South Wales, and a Visiting Professor at the City University of Hong Kong.
Chi Pok Cheung Dr. Cheung is a Senior Lecturer at the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University Australia.
Jiyuan Tu Dr. Tu is a Professor at the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University, Australia.


Table of Contents

Prefacep. ix
Forewordp. xi
Acknowledgmentsp. xiii
Introductionp. xv
Chapter 1 Introductionp. 1
1.1 Classification and Application of Multiphase Rowsp. 1
1.2 Complexity of Multiphase Flowsp. 2
1.3 Multiscale Characteristics of Multiphase Flowsp. 5
1.4 Need of Population Balance Modeling for Multiphase Flowsp. 12
1.5 Scope of this Bookp. 13
Chapter 2 Computational Multiphase Fluid Dynamics Frameworkp. 17
2.1 Eulerian Formulation Based on Interpenetrating Media Frameworkp. 17
2.1.1 Mass Conservationp. 19
2.1.2 Momentum Conservationp. 23
2.1.3 Energy Conservationp. 27
2.1.4 Physical Description of Interfacial Exchange Termsp. 34
2.1.5 Effective Conservation Equationsp. 37
2.2 Lagrangian Description on Discrete Element Frameworkp. 43
2.2.1 Equations of Motionp. 43
2.2.2 Fluid-Particle Interaction (Forces Related to Fluid Acting on Particle One-Way, Two-Way Coupling)p. 44
2.2.3 Particle-Particle Interaction (Four-Way Coupling Concept: Collisions and Turbulent Dispersion of Particles)p. 49
2.3 Differential, Generic and Integral Form of the Transport Equations for Multiphase Flowp. 59
2.4 Boundary Conditions for Multiphase Flowp. 62
2.5 Summaryp. 67
Chapter 3 Population Balance Approach-A Generic Frameworkp. 69
3.1 What is a Population Balance Approach?p. 69
3.2 Basic Definitionsp. 70
3.2.1 Coordinate System and Density Functionp. 70
3.2.2 Particle State Vectorp. 71
3.2.3 Continuous Phase Vectorp. 72
3.2.4 Rate of Change of Particle State Vector and Particle State Continuump. 72
3.3 Fundamentals of Population Balance Equationp. 73
3.3.1 Basic Considerationp. 73
3.3.2 Various Integrated Forms of Transport Equationsp. 77
3.3.3 Breakage/Break up Processesp. 80
3.3.4 Aggregation/Coalescence Processesp. 82
3.3.5 Net Generation of Particlesp. 84
3.4 Practical Considerations of Population Balance Frameworkp. 85
3.5 Comments on the Coupling Between Population Balance and Computational Multiphase Fluid Dynamicsp. 87
3.6 Summaryp. 89
Chapter 4 Mechanistic Models for Gas-Liquid/Liquid-Liquid Flowsp. 91
4.1 Introductionp. 91
4.2 Mechanisms and Kernels of Fluid Particle Coalescencep. 92
4.2.1 Collision Frequency due to Turbulent Fluctuation and Random Collisionp. 94
4.2.2 Collision Frequency due to Wake Entrainmentp. 98
4.2.3 Collision Frequency due to Other Mechanismsp. 103
4.2.4 Coalescence Efficiency due to Film Drainage Modelp. 105
4.2.5 Coalescence Efficiency due to Energy Modelp. 112
4.2.6 Coalescence Efficiency due to Critical Approach Velocity Modelp. 113
4.3 Mechanisms and Kernels of Fluid Particle Break upp. 114
4.3.1 Break up due to Turbulent Shearingp. 115
4.3.2 Break up due to Viscous Shear Forcep. 127
4.3.3 Break up due to Interfacial Instability and Shearing Offp. 128
4.3.4 Comments on Daughter Particle Size Distributionp. 128
4.4 Mechanisms and Kernels of Fluid Particle Coalescence and Break up for One-Group, Two-Group and Multigroup for Mulationp. 133
4.5 Summaryp. 136
Chapter 5 Mechanistic Models for Gas-Particle Liquid-Particle Flowsp. 137
5.1 Introductionp. 137
5.2 Mechanisms and Kernel Models of Solid Particle Aggregationp. 138
5.2.1 Aggregation due to Interparticle Collisionp. 139
5.3 Mechanisms and Kernel Models of Solid Particle Breakagep. 144
5.3.1 Breakage due to Hydrodynamic Stressesp. 145
5.3.2 Breakage due to Other Mechanismsp. 148
5.4 Discrete Element Method-Soft-Sphere Modelp. 150
5.4.1 Particle-Particle Interaction without Adhesionp. 151
5.4.2 Particle-Particle Interaction due to Adhesionp. 159
5.5 Summaryp. 157
Chapter 6 Solution Methods and Turbulence Modelingp. 169
6.1 Introductionp. 169
6.2 Solution Methods for Eulerian Modelsp. 170
6.3 Mesh Systemsp. 172
6.4 Numerical Discretizationp. 177
6.4.1 Finite Volume Methodp. 177
6.4.2 Basic Approximation of the Diffusion Termp. 184
6.4.3 Basic Approximation of Advection Termp. 186
6.4.4 Basic Approximation of Time-Advancing Solutionsp. 191
6.4.5 Algebraic Form of Discretized Equationsp. 194
6.5 Numerical Solversp. 199
6.5.1 Iterative Calculations for the Segregated Approachp. 199
6.5.2 Application of IPSA or IPSA-C for the Segregated Approachp. 203
6.5.3 Comments on Matrix Solversp. 210
6.5.4 Coupled Equation Systemp. 217
6.6 Solution Methods for Population Balance Equationp. 218
6.6.1 Class Methodp. 219
6.6.2 Standard Method of Momentsp. 223
6.6.3 Numerical Quadraturep. 228
6.6.4 Other Population Balance Methodsp. 233
6.7 Solution Methods for Lagrangian Modelsp. 234
6.7.1 Molecular Dynamicsp. 235
6.7.2 Brownian Dynamicsp. 238
6.7.3 Discrete Element Methodp. 240
6.8 Turbulence Modeling for Multiphase Flowsp. 244
6.8.1 Reynolds-Averaged Equations and Closurep. 244
6.8.2 Large Eddy Simulationp. 253
6.9 Summaryp. 261
Chapter 7 Some Applications of Population Balance with Examplesp. 263
7.1 Introductionp. 263
7.2 Population Balance Solutions to Gas-Liquid Flowp. 264
7.2.1 Backgroundp. 264
7.2.2 Modeling Interfacial Momentum Transfer for Gas-Liquid Flowp. 264
7.2.3 Worked Examplesp. 271
7.3 Population Balance Solutions to Liquid-Liquid Flowp. 298
7.3.1 Backgroundp. 298
7.3.2 Multiblock Model for Heterogeneous Turbulent Flow Structure in a Stirred Tankp. 299
7.3.3 Worked Examplep. 303
7.4 Population Balance Solutions to Gas-Particle Howp. 308
7.4.1 Backgroundp. 308
7.4.2 Modeling Gas-Particle Flow via Direct Quadrature Method of Moment Multifluid Modelp. 310
7.4.3 Worked Examplep. 312
7.5 Population Balance Solutions to Liquid-Particle Flowp. 317
7.5.1 Backgroundp. 317
7.5.2 Modeling Liquid-Particle Flow via Quadrature Method of Momentp. 319
7.5.3 Worked Examplep. 321
7.6 Summaryp. 326
Chapter 8 Future of the Population Balance Approachp. 329
8.1 Introductionp. 329
8.2 Emerging Areas on the Use of the Population Balance Approachp. 329
8.2.1 Natural and Biological Systemsp. 329
8.2.2 Bulk Attritionp. 332
8.2.3 Crystallizationp. 334
8.2.4 Synthesis of Nanoparticlesp. 336
8.3 Summaryp. 337
Referencesp. 339
Indexp. 353
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