Problem solving in enzyme biocatalysis

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Title:

Personal Author:

Illanes, Andrés author

Physical Description:

xxv,318 pages.: illustrations. ; 26 cm.

ISBN:

9781118341711

General Note:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Abstract:

"The only book to approach enzyme kinetics with a problem-solving focus, for practical applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and fine chemistry industry"-- Provided by publisher.

Subject Term:

Enzymes -- Biotechnology.

Biocatalysis

Enzyme kinetics.

Enzymes -- Industrial applications.

Added Author:

Wilson, Lorena

Vera, Carlos

Available:*

Library	Item Barcode	Call Number	Material Type	Item Category 1	Status
Searching... PSZ JB	30000010342145	TP248.65 E59 I45 2013	Open Access Book	Book	Searching... Unknown

Enzyme biocatalysis is a fast-growing area in process biotechnology that has expanded from the traditional fields of foods, detergents, and leather applications to more sophisticated uses in the pharmaceutical and fine-chemicals sectors and environmental management. Conventional applications of industrial enzymes are expected to grow, with major opportunities in the detergent and animal feed sectors, and new uses in biofuel production and human and animal therapy.

In order to design more efficient enzyme reactors and evaluate performance properly, sound mathematical expressions must be developed which consider enzyme kinetics, material balances, and eventual mass transfer limitations. With a focus on problem solving, each chapter provides abridged coverage of the subject, followed by a number of solved problems illustrating resolution procedures and the main concepts underlying them, plus supplementary questions and answers.

Based on more than 50 years of teaching experience, Problem Solving in Enzyme Biocatalysis is a unique reference for students of chemical and biochemical engineering, as well as biochemists and chemists dealing with bioprocesses.

Contains: Enzyme properties and applications; enzyme kinetics; enzyme reactor design and operation 146 worked problems and solutions in enzyme biocatalysis.

Author Notes

Andrés Illanes is Professor in the School of Biochemical Engineering at Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Chile. He has been researching enzyme biocatalysis since the 1970s, having done research in the main topics related to enzyme technology, and taught many courses at the undergraduate, M.Sc and Ph.D level in the subject both in Chile and abroad. He has authored over 80 ISI journal publications, several book chapters and three books on this topic, the latest with Springer 2008 Enzyme Biocatalysis: Principles and Applications .

Lorena Wilson is Associate Professor at the School of Biochemical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso. She has worked on enzyme biocatalysis since her time as an undergraduate and done research in aspects related mostly to biocatalyst engineering and enzyme reactor performance. She has more than ten years teaching experience focused mostly on the subject of enzyme biocatalysis. She is a Biochemical Engineer with a PhD from the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain. Dr Wilson is also author of more than 40 ISI publications in high ranked journals and several book chapters.

Carlos Vera works in the School of Biochemical Engineering at Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Chile.

Preface	p. ix
Nomenclature	p. xi
Epsilon Software Information	p. xxi
Acknowledgement	p. xxv
1 Facts and Figures in Enzyme Biocatalysis	p. 1
1.1 Introduction	p. 1
1.1.1 Enzyme Properties	p. 1
1.1.2 Enzyme Applications	p. 2
1.2 Enzymes as Process Catalysts	p. 3
1.3 Evolution of Enzyme Biocatalysis: From Hydrolysis to Synthesis	p. 5
1.4 The Enzyme Market: Figures and Outlook	p. 6
References	p. 7
2 Enzyme Kinetics in a Homogeneous System	p. 11
2.1 Introduction	p. 11
2.1.1 Concept and Determination of Enzyme Activity	p. 11
2.1.2 Definition of a Unit of Activity	p. 13
2.1.3 Measurement of Enzyme Activity	p. 13
2.2 Theory of Enzyme Kinetics	p. 14
2.3 Single-Substrate Reactions	p. 17
2.3.1 Kinetics of Enzyme Inhibition	p. 18
2.4 Multiple-Substrate Reactions	p. 19
2.4.1 Reaction Mechanisms	p. 19
2.4.2 Kinetics of Enzyme Reactions with Two Substrates	p. 20
2.5 Multiple-Enzyme Reactions	p. 21
2.6 Determination of Kinetic Parameters	p. 22
2.7 Effects of Operational Variables on Enzyme Kinetics	p. 24
2.7.1 Effects of pH	p. 25
2.7.2 Effects of Temperature	p. 26
Solved Problems	p. 29
Supplementary Problems	p. 72
References	p. 84
3 Enzyme Kinetics in a Heterogeneous System	p. 87
3.1 Introduction	p. 87
3.2 Immobilization of Enzymes	p. 87
3.2.1 Immobilization on Solid Supports (Carrier-Bound Systems)	p. 88
3.2.2 Immobilization by Containment	p. 89
3.2.3 Immobilization in Carrier-Free Systems	p. 89
3.2.4 Parameters of Enzyme Immobilization	p. 90
3.2.5 Optimization of Enzyme Immobilization	p. 91
3.3 Mass-Transfer Limitations in Enzyme Catalysis	p. 92
3.3.1 Partition Effects	p. 93
3.3.2 External Diffusional Restrictions in Impervious Biocatalysts	p. 94
3.3.3 Internal Diffusional Restrictions in Porous Biocatalysts	p. 97
3.4 Determination of Intrinsic Kinetic and Mass-Transfer Parameters	p. 102
3.4.1 EDR	p. 102
3.4.2 DDR	p. 104
Solved Problems	p. 105
Supplementary Problems	p. 127
References	p. 138
4 Enzyme Reactor Design and Operation under Ideal Conditions	p. 141
4.1 Modes of Operation and Reactor Configurations	p. 141
4.2 Definition of Ideal Conditions	p. 142
4.3 Strategy for Reactor Design and Performance Evaluation	p. 143
4.4 Mathematical Models for Enzyme Kinetics, Modes of Operation, and Reactor Configurations under Ideal Conditions	p. 143
4.4.1 Batch Enzyme Reactor	p. 144
4.4.2 Continuous Enzyme Reactors	p. 148
Solved Problems	p. 157
Supplementary Problems	p. 174
References	p. 179
5 Enzyme Reactor Design and Operation under Mass-Transfer Limitations	p. 181
5.1 Sequential Batch and Continuously Operated Reactors with Immobilized Enzymes	p. 182
5.2 Mathematical Models for Enzyme Kinetics, Modes of Operation, and Reactor Configurations under Mass-Transfer Limitations	p. 183
Solved Problems	p. 185
Supplementary Problems	p. 198
6 Enzyme Reactor Design and Operation under Biocatalyst Inactivation	p. 203
6.1 Mechanistically Based Mathematical Models of Enzyme Inactivation	p. 203
6.2 Effect of Catalytic Modulators on Enzyme Inactivation	p. 205
6.3 Mathematical Models for Different Enzyme Kinetics, Modes of Operation, and Reactor Configurations under Biocatalyst Inactivation	p. 206
6.3.1 Nonmodulated Enzyme Inactivation	p. 206
6.3.2 Modulated Enzyme Inactivation	p. 209
6.4 Mathematical Models for Enzyme Kinetics, Modes of Operation, and Reactor Configurations under Simultaneous Mass-Transfer Limitations and Enzyme Inactivation	p. 212
6.5 Strategies for Reactor Operation under Biocatalyst Inactivation	p. 213
Solved Problems	p. 215
Supplementary Problems	p. 233
References	p. 240
7 Optimization of Enzyme Reactor Operation	p. 243
7.1 Strategy for the Optimization of Enzyme Reactor Performance	p. 244
7.1.1 Objective Function	p. 244
7.1.2 Variables for Optimization of Enzyme Reactor Performance	p. 246
7.1.3 Determination of Optimum Temperature	p. 247
7.2 Mathematical Programming for Static Optimization	p. 247
7.3 Dynamic Programming	p. 248
7.4 Statistical Optimization by Surface Response Methodology	p. 249
7.4.1 Assessing the Quality of SRM and its Parameters	p. 251
7.4.2 Process Optimization by SRM	p. 252
Solved Problems	p. 254
Supplementary Problems	p. 272
References	p. 275
Appendix A Mathematical Methods	p. 277
A.1 Newton's Method	p. 277
A.2 Curve Fitting by Least Squares	p. 280
A.2.1 Linear Regression	p. 280
A.2.2 Nonlinear Regression	p. 286
A.3 Solving Ordinary Differential Equations	p. 296
A.3.1 Solving First-Order Ordinary Differential Equations by the Separation of Variables	p. 296
A.3.2 Solving First-Order Ordinary Differential Equations Using an Integration Factor	p. 297
A.3.3 Solving Second- and Higher-Order Linear Homogeneous Differential Equations with Constant Coefficients Using their Characteristic Equations	p. 298
A.3.4 Solving Second- and Higher-Order Linear Homogeneous Differential Equations with Variable Coefficients	p. 301
A.4 Numerical Methods for Solving Differential Equations	p. 302
A.4.1 The Euler Method	p. 302
A.4.2 The Fourth-Order Runge-Kutta Method	p. 303
A.4.3 The Finite-Difference Method	p. 303
References	p. 310
Index	p. 311

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