Corrosion behaviour and protection of copper and aluminium alloys in seawater

Copper and aluminium alloys are widely used in marine engineering in areas such as pipelines, storage tanks, ships' hulls and cladding for offshore structures. This important book reviews key factors affecting the corrosion and service life of these materials in the marine environment. The book is divided into five parts, with part one reviewing key aspects of the corrosion behaviour of both these alloys. Part two discusses the use of copper and copper-nickel alloys in seawater, whilst Parts 3 and 4 cover aluminium bronzes and alloys. The final section of the book covers the use of aluminium-based materials as anodes for the cathodic protection of marine structures.Corrosion behaviour and protection of copper and aluminium alloys in seawater is an important reference for marine engineers concerned with the corrosion and service life of these materials.

Author Notes

Dr Damien F#65533;ron is Deputy Head of the Service de la Corrosion et du Comportement des Mat#65533;riaux dans leur Environment at CEA-Saclay and is Chair of the EFC Working Party 4 (Nuclear Corrosion).

Jerzy Birn and Igor SkalskiRobert J.K. WoodAnton Klassert and Ladji Tikana and Deutsches KupferinstitutRoy JohnsenWilhelm Schleich and K.M. Europa Metal AG and Germany: Carol PowellHerve Le Guyader and Anne-Marie Grolleau and DCN Cherbourg and Edward Lemieux and Keith Lucas and Theresa WolejszaR.S. Oakley and J.C. Galsworthy and G.S. Fox and K.R. StokesR.C. Barik and J.A. Wharton and R.J.K. Wood and K.R. StokesKemal NisanciogluR. Orozco-Cruz and J. Genesca and J. A. Juarez-IslasHerve Le Guyader and Valerie Debout and Anne-Marie Grolleau and Jean-Pierre Pautasso

Contributor contact details	p. ix
Series introduction	p. xiii
Volumes in the EFC series	p. xv
Preface	p. xxi
Part I Overview of copper and aluminium alloys
1 Corrosion behaviour of non-ferrous alloys in seawater in the Polish marine industry	p. 3
1.1 Introduction	p. 3
1.2 Corrosion behaviour of copper alloys in seawater	p. 4
1.3 Corrosion behaviour of aluminium alloys in seawater	p. 12
1.4 Recommendations on the use of non-ferrous alloys in seawater	p. 15
1.5 Areas of future study	p. 16
1.6 Acknowledgements	p. 16
1.7 References	p. 16
2 Erosion-corrosion interactions of copper and aluminium alloys	p. 19
2.1 Introduction	p. 19
2.2 Erosion-corrosion testing of marine alloys and coatings	p. 31
2.3 Results and discussion	p. 33
2.4 Conclusions	p. 39
2.5 Acknowledgements	p. 41
2.6 References	p. 42
Part II Copper alloys
3 Copper and copper-nickel alloys - an overview	p. 47
3.1 Introduction	p. 47
3.2 Copper and copper alloys	p. 49
3.3 Copper alloys in marine applications	p. 49
3.4 Copper-nickel alloys	p. 53
3.5 Conclusions	p. 59
3.6 References	p. 61
4 Experience with the use of copper alloys in seawater systems on the Norwegian Continental Shelf	p. 62
4.1 Introduction	p. 62
4.2 Copper alloys for seawater application	p. 62
4.3 Corrosion properties in seawater	p. 64
4.4 Experience from the Norwegian Continental Shelf	p. 67
4.5 Discussion	p. 68
4.6 Conclusions	p. 71
4.7 References	p. 72
5 CuNi 90/10: How to avoid typical failures of seawater tubing systems and marine biofouling on structures	p. 73
5.1 Introduction	p. 73
5.2 Effect of alloying elements	p. 74
5.3 General corrosion mechanism and establishment of oxide layers	p. 75
5.4 Localised corrosion	p. 77
5.5 Effect of sulphides	p. 77
5.6 Effect of ferrous ion containing solutions	p. 79
5.7 Erosion-corrosion	p. 82
5.8 Effect of chlorination	p. 83
5.9 Galvanic corrosion	p. 85
5.10 Biofouling	p. 85
5.11 Conclusions	p. 90
5.12 Acknowledgement	p. 91
5.13 References	p. 92
6 70/30 copper-nickel seawater piping systems - use of descaling agents and their effects on corrosion properties	p. 95
6.1 Introduction	p. 95
6.2 Experimental procedure	p. 97
6.3 Results and discussion	p. 103
6.4 Conclusions	p. 114
6.5 Acknowledgements	p. 114
6.6 References	p. 115
Part III Aluminium bronzes
7 Long-term and accelerated corrosion testing methods for cast nickel-aluminium bronzes in seawater	p. 119
7.1 Introduction	p. 119
7.2 Experimental procedures	p. 120
7.3 Results and discussion	p. 122
7.4 Conclusions	p. 126
7.5 Acknowledgements	p. 127
7.6 References	p. 127
8 Galvanic corrosion of nickel-aluminium bronze coupled to titanium or Cu-15Ni alloy in brackish seawater	p. 128
8.1 Introduction	p. 128
8.2 Background	p. 128\|3
8.4 Results and discussion	p. 132
8.5 Conclusions	p. 139
8.6 Acknowledgements	p. 140
8.7 References	p. 140
Part IV Aluminium alloys
9 Corrosion and protection of aluminum alloys in seawater	p. 145
9.1 Introduction	p. 145
9.2 Fundamental aspects of corrosion	p. 146
9.3 Effect of flow on corrosion rate and morphology	p. 150
9.4 Cathodic protection	p. 151
9.5 Summary	p. 154
9.6 References	p. 155
Part V Aluminium-based anode material
10 Electrochemical behavior of new ternary aluminum alloys as sacrificial anodes	p. 159
10.1 Introduction	p. 159
10.2 Experimental	p. 161
10.3 Experimental results and discussion	p. 163
10.4 Conclusions	p. 171
10.5 Acknowledgements	p. 171
10.6 References	p. 171
11 Low-voltage aluminium anodes - optimization of the insert-anode bond	p. 173
11.1 Introduction	p. 173
11.2 Experimental procedure	p. 177
11.3 Results and discussion	p. 182
11.4 Conclusion	p. 188
11.5 References	p. 191
Index	p. 192

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