Sustainable brownfield regeneration : liveable places from problem spaces

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Sustainable Brownfield Regeneration presents a comprehensive account of UK policies, processes and practices in brownfield regeneration and takes an integrated and theoretically-grounded approach to highlight best practice.

Brownfield regeneration has become a major policy driver in developed countries. It is estimated that there are 64,000 hectares of brownfield land in England, much of which presents severe environmental challenges and lies alongside some of the most deprived communities in the country. Bringing such land back into active use has taken on a new urgency among policymakers, developers and other stakeholders in the development process. Frequently, however, policy thinking and practice has been underpinned by 'silo' mentalities, in which integrated and multidisciplinary approaches to problem-solving have been limited.

The book has two principal aims. The first is to examine the ways in which science and social science research disciplines can be brought together to help solve important brownfield regeneration issues, with a focus on the UK. The second is to assess the efficiency and effectiveness of different types of regeneration policy and practice, and to show how 'liveable spaces' can be produced from 'problem places'. The Thames Gateway in the south of England and Greater Manchester in the North of England are shown as examples of how brownfield regeneration projects are developing in an era where sustainability is high on the policy agenda.

From the Foreword by Paul Syms, National Brownfield Advisor, English Partnerships:

'Ensuring the effective and efficient reuse of brownfield land is an essential part of the British Government's land use policies in support of sustainable communities. [This book] recognises that reusing brownfield land is not just about over-coming technical issues to remove contamination or other physical problems with the ground. It highlights the importance of engaging with the many different stakeholders whose opinions and concerns need to be taken into account if sustainable outcomes are to be achieved. The authors also recognise that brownfield land reuse is not just about building new homes or places of employment - the creation of new green spaces can be just as important.'

Author Notes

Tim Dixon, Professor of Real Estate, Co-Director of Oxford Institute for Sustainable Development, Oxford Brookes University

David Lerner, Head of Civil and Structural Engineering, University of Sheffield

Mike Raco, Lecturer in Economic Geography, University of Reading

Philip Catney, Research Associate, Department of Town and Regional Planning, University of Sheffield

Tim Dixon and Mike RacoMike Raco and Tim DixonPhilip Catney and Dick Eiser and John Henneberry and Tom StaffordJoe Doak and Nikos KaradimitriouTim DixonMike Raco and Steven Henderson and Sophie BowlbyAndy Moffat and Tony HutchingsSabeha Ouki and Rene van Herwijnen and Michael Harbottle and Tony Hutchings and Abir Al-Tabbaa and Mike Johns and Andy MoffatAbir Al-Tabbaa and Michael Harbottle and Chris EvansSimon Talbot and Nigel Lawson and Colin SmithAbir Al-Tabbaa and Sinead Smith and Cecile De Munck and Tim Dixon and Joe Doak and Stephen Garvin and Mike RacoKalliope Pediaditi and Walter Wehrmeyer and Kate BurninghamPhilip Catney and David N. Lerner and Tim Dixon and Mike Raco

Notes on the Contributors	p. ix
Acknowledgements	p. xv
Foreword	p. xvi
Part 1 Introduction	p. 1
1 Introduction	p. 3
1.1 Background	p. 3
1.2 Aims and objectives	p. 5
1.3 Structure of the book	p. 6
2 Researching Sustainability: The Possibilities and Limitations of Cross-Cutting Research in the Urban Environment	p. 9
2.1 Introduction	p. 9
2.2 Intellectual disciplines, interdisciplinarity and the construction of knowledge	p. 10
2.3 The rise and rise of the sustainability agenda	p. 19
2.4 The EPSRC's Sustainable Urban Environments programme and the emergence of the SUBR:IM consortium	p. 22
2.5 Conclusions: SUBR:IM and new ways of working	p. 28
Part 2 Regeneration	p. 33
3 Democracy, Trust and Risk Related to Contaminated Sites in the UK	p. 35
3.1 Introduction	p. 35
3.2 Contaminated land in the UK: context and policy	p. 36
3.3 Democracy, trust and risk in environmental governance	p. 41
3.4 Case studies	p. 49
3.5 Conclusions	p. 62
4 Actor Networks: The Brownfield Merry-Go-Round	p. 67
4.1 Introduction	p. 67
4.2 Actors and their roles	p. 70
4.3 Networks and their construction	p. 74
4.4 Network processes in brownfield regeneration	p. 77
4.5 Conclusions	p. 85
5 Heroes or Villains? The Role of the UK Property Development Industry in Sustainable Urban Brownfield Regeneration	p. 89
5.1 Introduction	p. 89
5.2 The nature and challenge of brownfield development	p. 90
5.3 The role of the UK property development industry in brownfield regeneration	p. 93
5.4 Survey and interview findings	p. 94
5.5 Learning from practice: Thames Gateway and Greater Manchester	p. 98
5.6 Towards best practice?	p. 102
5.7 A checklist for developers	p. 108
5.8 Conclusions	p. 109
Acknowledgements	p. 111
5A.1 Appendix 1 National developer interviewees and questionnaire sample	p. 111
5A.2 Appendix 2 Details of case study interviews	p. 114
6 Delivering Brownfield Regeneration: Sustainable Community-Building in London and Manchester	p. 119
6.1 Introduction	p. 119
6.2 Building for the future: visions, practices and the delivery of sustainable urban regeneration	p. 120
6.3 Flagship urban brownfield regeneration in the UK: the redevelopment of Salford Quays and Paddington Basin	p. 123
6.4 Conclusions: lessons for urban development policy	p. 137
Part 3 Remediation	p. 141
7 Greening Brownfield Land	p. 143
7.1 Introduction	p. 143
7.2 Background and context	p. 143
7.3 A sustainable process for greenspace	p. 150
7.4 Contamination	p. 154
7.5 Sustainable greenspace	p. 166
7.6 The future of greenspace on brownfield land	p. 170
7.7 Conclusions	p. 171
8 Novel Special-purpose Composts for Sustainable Remediation	p. 177
8.1 Introduction	p. 177
8.2 Materials characterisation	p. 178
8.3 Experimental design	p. 182
8.4 Heavy metals containment in soils	p. 183
8.5 Biomass	p. 190
8.6 Enhanced compost	p. 193
8.7 Magnetic resonance imaging	p. 195
8.8 Conclusions	p. 198
9 Robust Sustainable Technical Solutions	p. 203
9.1 Introduction	p. 203
9.2 Sustainability assessment of currently available remediation technologies in the UK	p. 204
9.3 Sustainability improvements to remediation techniques	p. 223
9.4 Conclusions	p. 232
10 'The Creature Lurks Within?' Restoring Acid Tar Lagoons	p. 237
10.1 Introduction	p. 237
10.2 Acid tar lagoons: a technical introduction	p. 238
10.3 Regulating risk on an acid tar lagoon	p. 243
10.4 Lesson-drawing from Germany: an appraisal of the state of the art in remediation	p. 252
10.5 Conclusions	p. 260
Part 4 Joined-Up Solutions	p. 263
11 Climate Change, Pollutant Linkage and Brownfield Regeneration	p. 265
11.1 Introduction	p. 265
11.2 Evidence of impacts of climate change on contaminated land systems	p. 266
11.3 Modelling potential impacts of climate change and the creation of greenspace on contaminated land	p. 280
11.4 Climate change mitigation and adaptation	p. 292
11.5 Technical adaptation and risk management strategies	p. 294
11.6 Stakeholder adaptation key issues and findings	p. 303
11.7 Conclusions	p. 310
Acknowledgments	p. 311
12 Evaluating the Sustainability of Brownfield Redevelopment Projects	p. 315
12.1 Introduction	p. 315
12.2 Sustainability evaluation in brownfield projects	p. 316
12.3 The Redevelopment Assessment Framework	p. 320
12.4 Conclusions	p. 345
12A.1 Appendix	p. 346
13 Is Brown the New Green?	p. 352
13.1 Introduction	p. 352
13.2 Sustainable brownfield regeneration	p. 352
13.3 Sustainability in action	p. 358
13.4 Constructing cross-disciplinary research: lessons from the SUBR:IM experience	p. 366
13.5 Conclusions	p. 369
Index	p. 373

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