Cover image for Monitoring for a sustainable tourism transition : the challenge of developing and using indicators
Title:
Monitoring for a sustainable tourism transition : the challenge of developing and using indicators
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Publication Information:
Wallingford, UK : CABI Pub. 2005
ISBN:
9780851990514
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Summary

Summary

Sustainable tourism is not a static target, but a dynamic process of change, a transition. This book considers how monitoring using indicators can assist tourism to make such a sustainability transition. It encourages the reader to view tourism from a broad, interdisciplinary perspective and draws on material from a wide range of sources. The book explains why monitoring is important for different groups of stakeholders; public and private sector, NGOs and communities. It also examines important monitoring considerations such as what and where to measure, how much will monitoring cost and how the data can be presented. The book puts particular emphasis on indicator use and implementation. It highlights the process and techniques to develop and use indicators and then provides clear and detailed examples of monitoring in practice around the globe at different geographic scales.


Table of Contents

Contributorsp. xi
Acknowledgementsp. xv
List of Boxesp. xvii
List of Figuresp. xxi
List of Abbreviationsp. xxiii
Forewordp. xxvii
Introductionp. xxix
Part I Introduction to Sustainabilityp. 1
Chapter 1 Sustainable Developmentp. 3
Introductionp. 3
Historical Contextp. 4
Conservation and environmentalismp. 4
Development debatep. 5
From Rio to Johannesburgp. 7
Sustainability Revisedp. 8
Complex adaptive systemsp. 10
Global changep. 13
Applications for sustainable developmentp. 15
Sustainability Sciencep. 17
Adaptive managementp. 19
Stakeholder participationp. 21
Monitoringp. 23
Summaryp. 25
Chapter 2 Sustainable Tourismp. 27
Introductionp. 27
Historical Contextp. 28
Advocacyp. 28
Cautionaryp. 29
Alternativep. 31
Knowledge-basedp. 33
Current Conceptualization of Sustainable Tourismp. 35
Sectoral scalep. 35
Spatial scalep. 37
Temporal scalep. 41
Reconceptualizing Sustainable Tourismp. 43
Comprehensive approachp. 43
Stakeholder-drivenp. 45
Adaptivep. 46
Summaryp. 47
Part II Motivations for Monitoringp. 51
Chapter 3 Private Sector Driversp. 53
Introductionp. 53
Does Industry Have a Moral Responsibility to Promote Sustainability?p. 54
Is There a Business Case for Sustainability?p. 59
Consumersp. 60
Technological developmentp. 64
Public relations benefitsp. 66
Ecoefficiencyp. 67
Improve market conditionsp. 69
The Role of the Finance Industry in Promoting Sustainabilityp. 70
Summaryp. 76
Chapter 4 Public Sector Driversp. 79
Introductionp. 79
How does Monitoring Assist Government?p. 79
Improve understandingp. 81
Track progressp. 82
Initiate dialoguep. 83
Develop partnershipsp. 84
Effect on policyp. 85
How does Monitoring Assist NGOs?p. 86
Conducting assessmentp. 88
Advocacy and campaigningp. 89
Resisting criticismp. 90
How does Monitoring Assist Communities?p. 92
Who are the community?p. 92
Limits to community involvementp. 94
Enabling community involvementp. 99
Summaryp. 101
Part III Monitoring Processp. 105
Chapter 5 Monitoring Using Indicatorsp. 107
Introductionp. 107
Origins of Monitoringp. 108
Monitoring in a tourism contextp. 110
Indicator Considerationsp. 113
What to measurep. 113
What type of indicators?p. 114
How to organize indicatorsp. 116
Where to measurep. 118
How much does it cost?p. 121
How is the data presented?p. 122
Evaluationp. 125
Summaryp. 126
Chapter 6 Developing Indicatorsp. 129
Introductionp. 129
Planning for Indicator Developmentp. 130
Phases of developmentp. 130
Arrangements for stakeholder participationp. 134
Scoping Issuesp. 137
Secondary sourcesp. 138
Community visioningp. 139
Analysis of key issuesp. 142
Identifying Indicatorsp. 143
Developing an indicator long listp. 143
Screening indicatorsp. 144
Summaryp. 150
Chapter 7 Implementing Monitoring Systemsp. 151
Introductionp. 151
Piloting Indicatorsp. 152
Indicator fine-tuningp. 152
Data collectionp. 153
Interpreting Resultsp. 155
Benchmarkingp. 157
Indices and aggregationp. 160
Communicationp. 163
Indicator Usep. 165
Implementation frameworkp. 166
Management response strategyp. 167
Review and evaluationp. 170
Maintaining the Monitoring Programmep. 171
Summaryp. 172
Part IV Introduction to Case Studiesp. 175
Chapter 8 The World Tourism Organizationp. 177
Introductionp. 177
Background to WTO Monitoringp. 178
Indicator Development Processp. 180
WTO Indicatorsp. 183
WTO Implementation: Casesp. 189
Beruwala, Sri Lankap. 190
Kukljica, Croatiap. 194
Evaluationp. 195
Summaryp. 199
Chapter 9 Tourism Optimization Management Modelp. 201
Introductionp. 201
Backgroundp. 202
The TOMM Projectp. 203
The TOMM Development Processp. 205
Context analysisp. 206
Monitoring programmep. 209
Management response systemp. 214
TOMM Resultsp. 218
TOMM Implementationp. 219
Institutional arrangements and management structurep. 219
Fundingp. 221
Evaluationp. 223
Committing to ongoing integration of datap. 224
Creating and maintaining awarenessp. 225
Creating opportunities for the development of skills capacity and social capitalp. 226
Lessons Learnedp. 227
Summaryp. 227
Chapter 10 Samoa Sustainable Tourism Indicator Projectp. 233
Introductionp. 233
Contextp. 234
The South Pacificp. 234
Samoap. 235
Indicator Projectp. 239
PACp. 239
Sustainable tourism in a Samoan contextp. 241
Samoan-style indicatorsp. 244
Results of Samoa monitoringp. 250
Evaluation and Reviewp. 253
Processp. 253
Indicatorsp. 254
Outcomesp. 255
Current statusp. 256
Lessons Learnedp. 256
Summaryp. 258
Chapter 11 The Tour Operators' Initiative for Sustainable Developmentp. 261
Introductionp. 261
Background to the Schemep. 262
Development of the Schemep. 265
Product management and developmentp. 266
Internal managementp. 268
Supply chain managementp. 270
Customer relationsp. 273
Cooperation with destinationsp. 275
Implementation and Evaluationp. 276
Summaryp. 279
Acknowledgementsp. 280
Conclusionp. 281
Commentary on Guiding Principlesp. 282
Discussion of Monitoring and Indicatorsp. 286
Further Avenues to Explorep. 288
Final Summaryp. 290
Referencesp. 293
Indexp. 321