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Library | Item Barcode | Call Number | Material Type | Item Category 1 | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Searching... | 30000010123880 | QD79.C8 H33 2007 | Open Access Book | Book | Searching... |
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Summary
Summary
Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is a powerful, fast and inexpensive analytical method. It has proven its usefulness in pharmaceutical, food and environmental analysis. This new edition of the practical TLC guide features a completely revised chapter on documentation, now including the use of digital cameras. Selected new sorbents and instruments are also introduced.
Why has the prior edition been successful? All steps of the analytical procedure are clearly explained, starting with the choice of a suitable TLC technique and ending with data evaluation and documentation. Special emphasis is put on the proper choice of materials for TLC. Properties and functions of various materials and the TLC equipment are described, covering e.g. precoated layers, solvents and developing chambers, including information on suppliers. Many practical hints for trouble shooting are given. All this is illustrated with numerous coloured figures.
How to use TLC in compliance with GLP/GMP regulations is described in detail, including the required documentation. Therefore the reader can very easily compile his own standard operating procedures.
Author Notes
After working for many years for Heumann Pharma (now part of Pfizer), where she was in particular responsible for the training and education of lab technicians, Elke Hahn-Deinstrop is now a freelance consultant for thin-layer chromatography. She is author of numerous papers and frequent lecturer.
Reviews 1
Choice Review
This new edition (1st ed., 2000) of a resource on thin-layer chromatography (TLC) contains extensive revisions and new material. This impressive book thoroughly discusses a subject not usually covered thoroughly in the analytical chemistry literature. Hahn-Deinstrop also has a sense of humor and an interesting writing style. The book is sprinkled throughout with amusing but telling cartoons, and it highlights practical tips. The introductory chapter has an extensive list of books, journals, abstracts, and pharmacopeias. The next three chapters discuss considerations before development, including conditioning and sample preparation as well as solvent systems and developing chambers. A further three chapters treat derivation techniques and when and how to use them. Chapters 8 and 9 discuss documentation and best practices. The last two chapters discuss the effects of stress on substances and explain special methods. Appendix with references; impressive color photographs of TLC systems. The author does not describe her intended audience, but it is clear that this book can be used by advanced undergraduates, graduate students, researchers, and analytical chemists. Summing Up: Recommended. Upper-division undergraduates through professionals. J. A. Siegel Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis
Table of Contents
| 1 Introduction |
| 1.1 What Does TLCMean? |
| 1.2 When Is TLC Used? |
| 1.3 Where Is TLC Used? |
| 1.4 How Is the Result of a TLC Represented? |
| 1.4.1 Retardation Factor |
| 1.4.2 Flow Constant |
| 1.4.3 Other TLC Parameters |
| 1.5 What Kinds of Reference Substances Are Used in TLC?1 |
| 6 The Literature on TLC |
| 1.6.1 General Literature |
| 1.6.1.1 Books and Information Sheets in German |
| 1.6.1.2 Books in English |
| 1.6.1.3 Book in Another Language |
| 1.6.2 Journals |
| 1.6.2.1 German Language Journals Containing Articles on TLC (Selection) |
| 1.6.2.2 English Language Journals on TLC |
| 1.6.2.3 English Language Journals Containing General Articles on Chromatography (Selection) |
| 1.6.3 Abstracts |
| 1.6.4 Pharmacopoeias |
| 2 Precoated Layers |
| 2.1 Precoated Layers -Why? |
| 2.2 What Are Precoated Layers Produced? |
| 2.2.1 Sorbents |
| 2.2.2 Supports for Stationary Phases |
| 2.2.3 Additives |
| 2.3 What Types of Precoated Layers Are There? |
| 2.4 What Are the Uses of Precoated Layers? |
| 2.5 Criteria for the Selection of Stationary Phases in TLC |
| 2.5.1 How Can the Choice of the Stationary Phase beMade? |
| 2.5.2 How Can the Recommendations for Stationary Phases Found in Pharmacopoeias be Applied to Precoated Layers? |
| 2.6 Effect of the Stationary Phase When Mobile Phases Are Identical |
| 2.7 Advice on the Ordering and Storage of Precoated Layers |
| 2.8 Problems in the Naming and Arrangement of Precoated Layers |
| 3 Before the TLC Development Process |
| 3.1 Handling of Precoated Layers |
| 3.1.1 Film and Foil |
| 3.1.2 Glass Plates |
| 3.2 Prewashing |
| 3.3 Activation |
| 3.4 Conditioning |
| 3.5 Impregnation |
| 3.5.1 Impregnation by Dipping |
| 3.5.2 Impregnation by Spraying |
| 3.5.3 Impregnation by Predevelopment |
| 3.6 Application of Samples |
| 3.6.1 Manual Application of Samples |
| 3.6.2 Semiautomatic Application |
| 3.6.3 Fully Automatic Application |
| 3.7 Positioning of the Samples |
| 3.8 Drying Before the Development |
| 4 Solvent Systems, Developing Chambers and Development |
| 4.1 Solvent Systems |
| 4.1.1 Choice of Solvent Systems |
| 4.1.2 Preparation and Storage of Solvent Systems |
| 4.1.3 Problematical Solvent System Compositions |
| 4.2 TLC Developing Chambers |
| 4.2.1 What Types of TLC Developing Chambers Are There? |
| 4.2.1.1 TLC Chambers for Vertical Development |
| 4.2.1.2 TLC Developing Chambers for Horizontal Development |
| 4.2.2 Influence of the Chamber Atmosphere |
| 4.2.2.1 The Unsaturated N-Chamber |
| 4.2.2.2 The Saturated N-Chamber |
| 4.2.3 Influence of Temperature in Chromatography |
| 4.2.4 Location and Labeling of TLC Developing Chambers |
| 4.3 Development of Thin-Layer Chromatograms |
| 4.3.1 One-Dimensional Thin-Layer Chromatography |
| 4.3.1.1 Vertical Development |
| 4.3.1.2 Horizontal Development |
| 4.3.2 Two-Dimensional Thin-Layer Chromatography |
| 4.4 Drying After Development |
| 5 Evaluation Without Derivatization |
| 5.1 Direct Visual Evaluation |
| 5.1.1 Detection in Daylight |
| 5.1.2 Detection with 254-nm UV Light |
| 5.1.3 Detection with 365-nm UV Light |
| 5.2 Direct Optical Evaluation Using Instruments |
| 5.2.1 Principle of Operation of a TLC Scanner |
| 5.2.2 Direct Optical Evaluation Above 400 nm |
| 5.2.3 Direct Optical Evaluation Bel |
