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Cover image for Municipal wastewater treatment :  evaluating improvements in national water quality
Title:
Municipal wastewater treatment : evaluating improvements in national water quality
Publication Information:
New York : John Wiley & Sons, 2002
ISBN:
9780471243601
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30000004520338 TD223 M86 2002 Open Access Book Book
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Summary

Summary

A thorough analysis of public policy and the Clean Water Act'seffect on water quality in the U.S.

Using water quality data and historical records from the past 60years, this book presents the measured impact of the 1972 CleanWater Act on domestic waterways-ecologically, politically, andeconomically. Municipal Wastewater Treatment supports thehypothesis that the Act's regulation of wastewater treatmentprocesses at publicly owned treatment works (POTW) and industrialfacilities has achieved significant success. The authors' case ispresented in:
* Background information on the history of water pollution controland water quality management
* Chapters addressing long-term trends in biochemical oxygen demandloadings from municipal wastewater plants and the "worst-case"dissolved oxygen levels in waterways downstream of point sourcesbefore and after the Clean Water Act
* Nine case study assessments of long-term trends of pollutantloading water quality and environmental resources associated withPOTW discharges

Using long-term trends in dissolved oxygen as the key indicator ofwater quality improvements, this book provides a detailedretrospective analysis of the effectiveness of the water pollutioncontrol policies and regulations of the 1972 Clean Water Act. Thesuccesses of the Act that have been achieved over the past 30 yearsare placed in the historical context of the "Great SanitaryAwakening" of the 19th century and changes in public policies forwater supply and water pollution control that have evolved duringthe 20th century to protect public health and the intrinsic valueof aquatic resources. Case study sites include the ConnecticutRiver, Hudson-Raritan Estuary, Delaware Estuary, Potomac Estuary,Upper Chattahoochee River, Ohio River, Upper Mississippi River, andWillamette River.

Complete with end-of-chapter summaries and conclusions, MunicipalWastewater Treatment: Evaluating Improvements in National WaterQuality is an essential book for engineers, scientists, regulators,and consultants involved in water quality management and wastewatertreatment, as well as students of environmental engineering,environmental science, and public policy.


Author Notes

Andrew Stoddard is a principal environmental engineer at AndrewStoddard & Associates, Hamilton, Virginia.

Jon Harcum is a principal engineer at Tetra Tech, Inc., LasCruces, New Mexico.

Jonathan Simpson is a senior scientist at Tetra Tech, Inc.,Fairfax, Virginia.

James R. Pagenkopf is a vice president at Tetra Tech, Inc.,Fairfax, Virginia.

Robert K. Bastian is a senior environmental scientist with theU.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of WastewaterManagement, Washington, D.C.


Table of Contents

Preface
Acknowledgments
Acronyms
Introduction
An Examination of BOD Loadings Before and After the CWA
An Examination of "Worst-Case" DO in Waterways Below Point Sources Before and After the CWA
Case Study Assessments of Water Quality
Connecticut River Case Study
Hudson-Raritan Estuary Case Study
Delaware Estuary Case Study
Potomac Estuary Case Study
James River Estuary Case Study
Upper Chattahoochee River Case Study
Ohio River Case Study
Upper Mississippi River Case Study
Willamette River Case Study
Appendix A United States Waterways Identified with Water Pollution Problems Before the 1972 Clean Water Act
Appendix B National Municipal Wastewater Inventory and Infrastructure, 1940-2016
Appendix C National Public and Private Sector Investment in Water Pollution Control
Appendix D Before and After CWA Changes in Tenth Percentile Dissolved Oxygen and Ninetieth Percentile BOD5 at the Catalog Unit Level
Appendix E Before and After CWA Changes in Tenth Percentile Dissolved Oxygen at the RF1 Reach Level
Appendix F Hydrologic Conditions of the 48 Contiguous States, Summer (July-September) from 1961 through 1995
Appendix G Municipal and Industrial Wastewater Loads by Major River Basin Before and After the Clean Water Act: 1950, 1973, and ca. 1995
Appendix H Municipal and Industrial Water Withdrawals by Major River Basin: 1940-1995
Glossary
Index
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